Metabolic consequences of intestinal parasitism

MacRae, J.C.

doi:10.1079/pns19930044

Cited by 78 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This in turn increases the endogenous losses of protein through urinary and faecal excretion. Some of it might be required for the synthesis of specific proteins for tissue repair and for immunological reaction to infection (MacRae, 1993). Present results are in conformity with the findings of many workers (Coop and Holmes, 1996;Van Houtert and Sykes, 1996;Pathak and Tiwari 2013b), who reported that sheep and kids offered a higher plane of nutrition resulting into better withstand of pathological effects of GINs.…”

Section: Nitrogen Balancesupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of tanniferous leaf meal mixture based multi nutrient blocks on nutrient utilization and biochemical profile of Haemonchus contortus infected goats

Singh

Pathak

Khan

et al. 2015

IJAR

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The experiment was carried out in 12 local adult male goats of average body weights (26.49±0.87, kg) and they were allocated in 3 groups (4 goats in each). Multi nutrient blocks (MNB) were supplemented in first two groups i.e. in T 1 (no infection) and T 2 (Haemonchus contortus infection @ 1500 larvae) group, while, condensed tannins (CT) containing multi nutrient blocks (MNB-CT) were supplemented in T 3 (H. contortus infection @ 1500 larvae) group in completely randomized block design during a feeding trial of 75 days. All the animals were fed concentrate mixture @ 100g/ day, adlib wheat straw and MNB or MNB-CT to meet their maintenance requirement. Daily intakes (kg W 0.75 ) of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), concentrate mixture, MNB, MNB-CT, wheat straw and digestibility of DM, OM, crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) differed significantly (P<0.05) irrespective of groups. MNB-CT supplementation significantly (P<0.001) reduced serum urea (mg/dl) level and faecal egg counts (FECs) in T 3 group as compared to MNB supplemented (T 2 ) group. Serum proteins differed significantly (P<0.001) among groups. It may be concluded that MNB-CT supplementation indicates a positive impact on protein bioavailability and encouraging impact on nutrient utilization, biochemical constituents and health status of goats by lowering serum urea and FECs.

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Section: Nitrogen Balancesupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of tanniferous leaf meal mixture based multi nutrient blocks on nutrient utilization and biochemical profile of Haemonchus contortus infected goats

Singh

Pathak

Khan

et al. 2015

IJAR

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“…Many of the components of the immune system, such as Ig, cytokines and mast cell protease, are proteinaceous in nature (Lewis & Austen, 1981;MacRae, 1993;Coop & Holmes, 1996). This factor implies that a certain amount of MP would be required to mount and maintain an effective immune response.…”

Section: A Nutritional Basis For Periparturient Breakdown Of Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For ruminants, the amino acid composition of MP is still uncertain and, at present, there is only limited information available on the amino acid composition of proteins involved in the expression of immunity. For example, it has been suggested that immune cells have a relatively high requirement for glutamine (Calder, 1995) and for cysteine and methionine (MacRae, 1993;Takahashi et al 1997;Dröge & Breitkreutz, 2000). Likewise, a relatively large amount of phenylalanine and tryptophan is required for the acute-phase protein response which is usually associated with responses to systemic infections or trauma (Reeds et al 1994).…”

Section: Metabolisable Protein Requirement For Expression Of Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

2001

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The physiological processes that underlie the reproductive cycle impose considerable metabolisable protein (MP) demands on a female, especially during the periparturient period. When MP supply falls short of MP demand (i.e. MP becomes scarce), certain, if not all, bodily functions are expected to be penalised. It has been proposed that partitioning of scarce MP is prioritised to reproductive rather than to immune functions. In other words, at times of MP scarcity, the penalty on expression of immunity would be expected to be greater than that on reproduction. This hypothesis forms a nutritional basis for the occurrence of periparturient breakdown of immunity to parasites (BIP), which can be observed in many host-parasite systems.In the present review we explore this nutritional basis, using periparturient sheep infected with the abomasal nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta as an example, and attempt to quantify its occurrence. Evidence supporting the nutritional basis of periparturient BIP is reviewed, covering experiments in which nutrient supply (from both exogenous and endogenous sources) and/or nutrient demand were manipulated. Quantitatively, MP requirements for expression of immunity to T. circumcincta were estimated to be about 1 g/kg metabolic body weight (body weight 0·75 ) per d, approximately 5% of the maximum MP requirements of periparturient sheep. The major component of this requirement was assumed to be for replenishing irreversible plasma protein losses into the gastrointestinal tract. Although confirmation of this estimate is required, such estimates may be used to improve the known MP requirements of periparturient animals, enabling the extent and the consequences of periparturient BIP to be minimised. Nutrient partitioning around parturition: Immunity to parasites: Protein requirements of sheepBIP, breakdown of immunity to parasites; FEC, faecal egg count; Ig, immunoglobulin; MP, metabolisable protein

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“…A falta destas informações faz com que os tratamentos antihelmínticos utilizados em programas de controle de parasitoses sejam, na maioria das vezes, ineficazes, levando ao surgimento de casos clínicos da doença e, consequentemente, perdas produtivas nos criadouros (Pereira-Junior et al 2014). Estas perdas estão relacionadas com o retardo na produção, os custos com tratamentos e profilaxia e, em casos extremos, o óbito dos animais parasitados (Macrae 1993, Perry & Randolph 1999, Almeida et al 2008.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fauna helmintológica de catetos (Tayassu tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) procedentes da Amazônia Brasileira1

et al. 2016

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RESUMO: Tayassu tajacu, popularmente conhecido como cateto, é uma espécie silvestre encontrada em quase todo o continente Americano, sendo abundante em seus locais de ocorrência. O trabalho objetivou conhecer a fauna helmintológica, bem como os indicadores de infecções, de catetos (T. tajacu) procedentes da Amazônia Brasileira. Para tanto, foram utilizados cinco animais adultos (três machos e duas fêmeas), capturados no município de Araguaína, estado do Tocantins, com auxílio de armadilhas. Os catetos foram tranquilizados, contidos quimicamente e eutanasiados segundo o Guia Brasileiro de Boas Práticas para Eutanásia em Animais do Conselho Federal de Medicina Veterinária. As espécies encontradas foram identificadas e os indicadores de infecção foram determinados (percentual de infecção, abundância, intensidade média e variação da intensidade). Foi coletado um total de 1394 helmintos, sendo nove espécies de nematódeos: Eucyathostomum dentatum, Cruzia brasiliensis, Monodontus semicircularis, Monodontus aguiari, Spiculopteragia tayassui, Texicospirura turki, Parabronema pecariae, Physocephalus sexalatus, Cooperia punctata. Os helmintos com maiores percentuais de infecção foram Physocephalus sexalatus, Parabronema pecariae e Monodontus aguiari, encontrados em 100% dos animais examinados, sendo este último o mais abundante (164), com maior intensidade média (164) e com maior número total de helmintos (820). Em contrapartida, Spiculopteragia tayassui foi a espécie que obteve menores indicadores, sendo encontrada apenas uma fêmea neste estudo. Foi relatada, neste trabalho, a primeira ocorrência de Cruzia brasiliensis parasitando catetos (T. tajacu) no Brasil, espécie até então descrita e encontrada apenas parasitando suínos domésticos.

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Metabolic consequences of intestinal parasitism

Cited by 78 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of tanniferous leaf meal mixture based multi nutrient blocks on nutrient utilization and biochemical profile of Haemonchus contortus infected goats

Effect of tanniferous leaf meal mixture based multi nutrient blocks on nutrient utilization and biochemical profile of Haemonchus contortus infected goats

Nutrient partitioning between reproductive and immune functions in animals

Fauna helmintológica de catetos (Tayassu tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) procedentes da Amazônia Brasileira1

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