Metabolic correlates of executive dysfunction

Bracco, Laura; Bessi, Valentina; Piccini, Carolina; Mosconi, Lisa; Pupi, Alberto; Sorbi, Sandro

doi:10.1007/s00415-006-0488-1

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…So far, few imaging studies have related deficits in classical executive tests such as the Stroop interference or fluency task to atrophy and hypometabolism in prefrontal regions in FTLD, Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment (Salmon et al ., 2006, 2008, 2009; Teipel et al ., 2006; Bracco et al ., 2007; Grossman et al ., 2007; Huey et al ., 2009; Pa et al ., 2009; Raczka et al ., 2010), although it is well known that these regions are altered in these diseases (Thompson et al ., 2003; Apostolova et al ., 2007; Schroeter et al ., 2007 c , 2008, 2009; Barthel et al ., 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive deficits are related to the inferior frontal junction in early dementia

Schroeter

Vogt

Frisch

et al. 2011

Brain

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Executive functions describe a wide variety of higher order cognitive processes that allow the flexible modification of thought and behaviour in response to changing cognitive or environmental contexts. Their impairment is common in neurodegenerative disorders. Executive deficits negatively affect everyday activities and hamper the ability to cope with other deficits, such as memory impairment in Alzheimer's disease or behavioural disorders in frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Our study aimed to characterize the neural correlates of executive functions by relating respective deficits to regional hypometabolism in early dementia. Executive functions were assessed with two classical tests, the Stroop and semantic fluency test and various subtests of the behavioural assessment of the dysexecutive syndrome test battery capturing essential aspects of executive abilities relevant to daily living. Impairments in executive functions were correlated with reductions in brain glucose utilization as measured by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and analysed voxelwise using statistical parametric mapping in 54 subjects with early dementia, mainly Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration, and its prodromal stages: subjective and mild cognitive impairment. Although the analysis revealed task-specific frontoparietal networks, it consistently showed that hypometabolism in one region in the left lateral prefrontal cortex—the inferior frontal junction area—was related to performance in the various neuropsychological tests. This brain region has recently been related to the three component processes of cognitive control—working memory, task switching and inhibitory control. Group comparisons additionally showed hypometabolism in this area in Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Our study underlines the importance of the inferior frontal junction area for cognitive control in general and for executive deficits in early dementia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive deficits are related to the inferior frontal junction in early dementia

Schroeter

Vogt

Frisch

et al. 2011

Brain

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“…Prior work has suggested the Stroop interrogates a bilateral network, and that the right insula in particular may be important for task monitoring across a number of different types of inhibition tasks (Cieslik, Mueller, Eickhoff, Langner, & Eickhoff, 2015). Prior work on Color-Word condition in dementia has found support for left laterialized frontal involvement in very mild AD (Bracco et al, 2007) or a mixed sample of dementia patients (Schroeter et al, 2012), right lateralized involvement in mild AD (Bracco et al, 2007), or bilateral frontal involvement in AD (Yun et al, 2011) and a mixed sample of dementia (Heflin, 2011). The heterogeneity is likely driven by differences in methodology, the patients being studied, and the severity of cognitive impairment in the cohort.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past studies (Bracco et al, 2007; Yun, 2011) have utilized several measures of interference, some of which do not account for such slowing. Lansbergen, Kenemans, & van Engeland (2007) describe the problematic nature of two common methods of measuring interference: 1) difference scores between individual Color and Word scores and Color-Word, and 2) differences between a predicted Color-Word score and actual Color-Word score (Golden, 1978; Lansbergen, Kenemans, & van Engeland, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most have focused on the Color-Word condition. Bracco and colleagues (2007) investigated patients with mild AD and found correlations between CW and metabolism of right middle frontal gyrus and right hippocampus (Bracco et al, 2007). In a mixed sample of AD, FTD, and MCI patients, CW correlated with metabolism of the left inferior frontal junction (junction of the inferior frontal sulcus and the inferior precentral sulcus) and superior and middle frontal gyri (Schroeter et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral metabolic correlates of attention networks in Alzheimer's Disease: A study of the Stroop

et al. 2017

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Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) show difficulties with attention. Cognitive neuroscience models posit that attention can be broken down into alerting, orienting, and executive networks. We used the Stroop Color-Word test to interrogate the neural correlates of attention deficits in AD. We hypothesized that the Word, Color, and Color-Word conditions of the Stroop would all tap into the alerting and orienting networks. The Color-Word condition would additionally tap into the executive network. A ratio of Color-Word to Color naming performance would isolate the executive network from the others. To identify the neural underpinnings of attention in AD we correlated performance on the Stroop with brain metabolic activity. Sixty-six patients with probable AD completed [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose PET scanning and neuropsychological testing. Analysis was conducted with SPM12 (p<.001 uncorrected, extent threshold 50 voxels). Performance on the Word, Color, and Color-Word conditions directly correlated with metabolic rate in right inferior parietal lobules/intraparietal sulci. The Color-Word/Color ratio revealed associations with metabolic rate in right medial prefrontal cortex and insula/operculum. Overall findings were largely consistent with the hypothesized neuroanatomical substrates of the alerting, orienting, and executive networks. As such, attention deficits in AD reflect compromise to multiple large-scale networks.

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“…It is already known that the source of FRN is located in the ACC (Holroyd and Coles, 2002; Hajcak et al, 2007; Bellebaum and Daum, 2008; Holroyd et al, 2009), and abnormalities of the ACC in AD have been reported at histopathological and physiological levels. In AD patients, accumulation of both beta amyloid and tau (Morishima-Kawashima and Ihara, 2002; Leuba et al, 2009; Murphy and LeVine, 2010; Bloom, 2014), metabolic changes (Bracco et al, 2007; Lim et al, 2012), and decreased blood flows (Dukart et al, 2013; Long et al, 2013; Terada et al, 2013; Lin et al, 2014; Bailly et al, 2015) are observed in the ACC. The ACC is atrophied structurally (Buckner et al, 2005; Jones et al, 2006; Seeley et al, 2009; Krueger et al, 2010), and the anatomical connectivity with other areas is also impaired (Greicius et al, 2004; Rombouts et al, 2005; Wang et al, 2007; Boublay et al, 2016; Hafkemeijer et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Feedback-Related Negativity in Alzheimer’s Disease

Nitta

Onoda

Ishitobi

et al. 2017

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia in the elderly, results in the impairment of executive function, including that of performance monitoring. Feedback-related negativity (FRN) is an electrophysiological measure reflecting the activity of this monitoring system via feedback signals, and is generated from the anterior cingulate cortex. However, there have been no reports on FRN in AD. Based on prior aging studies, we hypothesized that FRN would decrease in AD patients. To assess this, FRN was measured in healthy individuals and those with AD during a simple gambling task involving positive and negative feedback stimuli. Contrary to our hypothesis, FRN amplitude increased in AD patients, compared with the healthy elderly. We speculate that this may reflect the existence of a compensatory mechanism against the decline in executive function. Also, there was a significant association between FRN amplitude and depression scores in AD, and the FRN amplitude tended to increase insomuch as the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) was higher. This result suggests the existence of a negative bias in the affective state in AD. Thus, the impaired functioning monitoring system in AD is a more complex phenomenon than we thought.

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Metabolic correlates of executive dysfunction

Cited by 30 publications

References 115 publications

Executive deficits are related to the inferior frontal junction in early dementia

Executive deficits are related to the inferior frontal junction in early dementia

Cerebral metabolic correlates of attention networks in Alzheimer's Disease: A study of the Stroop

Enhanced Feedback-Related Negativity in Alzheimer’s Disease

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