Metabolic diversity of fungi in relation to growth and mineral cycling in soil — A review

Wainwright, Milton

doi:10.1016/s0007-1536(88)80084-6

Cited by 58 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 70 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It seems unlikely that a microorganism would not degrade one particular nutrient in the absence of another one. Most microorganisms, including fungi, can degrade many different types of nutrient sources (Wainwright 1988). Rowell (2005) proposed that fungal enzymes are unable to recognize their substrates in modified wood (Figure 2A).…”

Section: Role Of Accessible Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Pilgård²,

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chemically or physically modified wood materials have enhanced resistance to wood decay fungi. In contrast to treatments with traditional wood preservatives, where the resistance is caused mainly by the toxicity of the chemicals added, little is known about the mode of action of nontoxic wood modification methods. This study reviews established theories related to resistance in acetylated, furfurylated, dimethylol dihydroxyethyleneurea-treated, and thermally modified wood. The main conclusion is that only one theory provides a consistent explanation for the initial inhibition of brown rot degradation in modified wood, that is, moisture exclusion via the reduction of cell wall voids. Other proposed mechanisms, such as enzyme nonrecognition, micropore blocking, and reducing the number of free hydroxyl groups, may reduce the degradation rate when cell wall water uptake is no longer impeded.

show abstract

Section: Role Of Accessible Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of action of brown rot decay resistance in modified wood: a review

Pilgård²,

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fungi in particular are key players in nutrient cycling processes such as proteolysis, phosphorus mobilization, and decomposition (Read and Perez-Moreno 2003;Wainwright 1988). In recent decades, many semi-natural, species-rich upland grasslands have been converted to species-poor but high-yielding mesotrophic plant communities (Rodwell 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal influences on fungal community structure in unimproved and improved upland grassland soils

Kennedy

Brodie²,

Connolly³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Seasonal and management influences on the fungal community structure of two upland grassland soils were investigated. An upland site containing both unimproved floristically diverse (U4a) and improved mesotrophic (MG7b) grassland types was selected. Samples from both grassland types were taken at five times in one year. Soil fungal community structure was assessed using fungal automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), a DNA-profiling approach. A grassland management regime was found to strongly affect fungal community structure, with fungal ARISA profiles from unimproved and improved grassland soils differing significantly. The number of fungal ribotypes found was higher in unimproved than improved grassland soils, providing evidence that improvement may reduce the suitability of upland soil as a habitat for specific groups of fungi. Seasonal influences on fungal community structure were also noted, with samples taken in autumn (October) more correlated with change in ribotype profiles than samples from other seasons. However, seasonal variation did not obscure the measurement of differences in the fungal community structure that were due to agricultural improvement, with canonical correspondence analysis indicating grassland type had a stronger influence on fungal profiles than did season.Key words: upland grasslands, fungal automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, seasonality, improvement, canonical correspondence analysis.

show abstract

“…Osono and Takeda (2002) and Urairuj et al (2003) noted that Xylaria species were exceptional among microfungal leaf decomposers in having ligninolytic enzymes. On the other hand, Flanagan (1981), Kjøller and Struwe (1980, 1982, Wainwright (1988), Sin et al (2002) and Bucher et al (2004) found that most fungi were versatile in their carbon utilization, which is consistent with the hypothesis of Hooper et al (2000). Nevertheless, diversity of carbon substrates would still be expected to increase decomposer diversity given intermediate levels of substrate selectivity among the decomposers (Hooper et al, 2000).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Fallen leaves from different plant species can differ greatly in their contents of lignin, cellulose, secondary plant compounds and other components; some may be inhibitory to fungal growth while each requires a diverse array of microbial enzymes for their degradation (Parkinson, 1981;Kjøller and Struwe, 1982;Heal and Dighton, 1986;Wainwright, 1988;Cromack and Caldwell, 1992;Cox et al, 2001). Such differences in leaf components may contribute to differences in microfungal species composition and frequencies (Bills and Polishook, 1994a;Polishook et al, 1996;Wong and Hyde, 2001;Zhou and Hyde, 2001) that have been documented among plant species and communities (Swift, 1976;Christiansen, 1981Christiansen, , 1989Cook and Rayner, 1984), including both temperate (Christensen, 1969) and tropical forests (Cowley, 1970;Cornejo et al, 1994;Polishook et al, 1996;Lodge, 1997).…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%