Metabolic effects of cortisol in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.)

Lidman, Ulf; Dave, Göran; Johansson‐Sjöbeck, Maj‐Lis; Larsson, Åke; Lewander, Kerstin

doi:10.1016/0300-9629(79)90600-5

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In Arctic charr, similar plasma cholesterol concentrations were found between GH transgenics and controls, but the transgenic fish had decreased plasma triglyceride concentrations (Krasnov et al, 1999). Previous studies in carp (Ruane et al, 2001) and other fish species (Lidman et al, 1979;Ellsaesser and Clem, 1987) as well as our current results in control carp show that plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels are not responsive to acute stress. A very interesting result of the present study was that the plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in transgenic fish both increased significantly immediately following exercise (0 h) and at 1 h post-exercise, then returned to resting levels by 2 h of recovery.…”

Section: Physiological Response To Exhaustive Exercisesupporting

confidence: 80%

The hematological response to exhaustive exercise in ‘all-fish’ growth hormone transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Wang

et al. 2011

Aquaculture

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Section: Physiological Response To Exhaustive Exercisesupporting

confidence: 80%

The hematological response to exhaustive exercise in ‘all-fish’ growth hormone transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Wang

et al. 2011

Aquaculture

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“…An increase in plasma glucose levels consistently occurs following cortisol administration (Butler 1968;Inui and Yokote 1975;Chan and Woo 1978;Lidman et al 1979;Leach and Taylor 1982). Increased protein catabolism is not always reported after cortisol injection (Inui and Yokote 1975;Leach and Taylor 1982) even though increased liver glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase levels imply an increased utilization of amino acid substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol and liver metabolism of immature American eels,Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur)

Foster

Moon

1986

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Plasma and liver composition, liver enzyme activities, and metabolite flux in isolated hepatocytes have been studied in immature American eels,Anguilla rostrata, injected daily IP with saline or cortisol (0.35 mg/kg eel). Plasma cortisol values were significantly increased above saline controls in those eels receiving cortisol at 3h and 6h following the final (tenth) injection. On day 6 and 10 of injection plasma cortisol levels were significantly below saline controls 24h following cortisol injection. Plasma glucose values were significantly depressed in the cortisol-injected eels at both 6 and 24h following the final (tenth) injection. At the 24h sampling time, plasma protein had significantly increased, but there was no change in either plasma amino acid or fatty acid levels. An increased hepatosomatic index was attributed to a major increase in total lipids, as both protein and glycogen contents were decreased. Of the liver enzymes assayed, significant activity changes occurred only for lactate dehydrogenase (decreased), mitochondrial citrate synthase (increased) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (increased) 24h following the final (tenth) cortisol injection. Although enzyme activity changes implied increased liver gluconeogenesis, the absolute rate of lactate, alanine, and aspartate incorporation into glucose declined in viable hepatocytes isolated from cortisol-injected eels compared to the saline controls. Relative changes in metabolite flux did support a preferential increase in gluconeogenesis from amino acids. These results are consistent with the increase in amino acid gluconeogenesis as a result of cortisol administration implied in previous studies, but failed to show a definitive cortisol effect on this pathway in the eel liver. It is suggested that other hormones (e.g. thyroxine, catecholamines, glucagon) may interact in a complex way with cortisolin vivo to bring about the biochemical changes observed in this study. The rapid clearance of exogenously injected cortisol noted in this study makes causal relationships between the injected hormone and any observed metabolic effect in the intact animal difficult.

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“…Administration of cortisol caused an increase in liver glycogen content (Chan and Woo, 1978a;Lidman et al 1979;Leach and Taylor, 1982). On the other hand, decreased glycogen content in the liver in response to elevated cortisol has been reported (Barton et al 1986;Foster and Moon, 1986;Vijayan and Leatherland, 1989;Soengas et al 1992).…”

Section: Plasma Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cortisol can directly provide the free amino acids for gluconeogenesis via stimulation of protein catabolism (Lidman et al 1979;Marshall Adams et al 1985) with elevation of circulating amino acids in some species (Chan and Woo, 1978a), but not apparently in Fundulus heteroclitus (Leach and Taylor, 1982), or may act indirectly by inhibiting protein synthesis (reviewed by Van der Boon et al 1991). In gluconeogenesis, free amino acids act as precursors for glucose synthesis and the regulation of this process in the liver is suggested to be mediated by cortisol (Lidman et al 1979;Murat et al 1981). The gluconeogenic action of cortisol was supported in studies by Vijayan et al (1994) when a corticosteroid antagonist inhibited the increased alanine gluconeogenesis in cortisol-treated fish.…”

Section: Plasma Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased blood fatty acid concentrations in parallel with an elevation in plasma cortisol have been reported (Dave et al 1979;White and Fletcher, 1989;Waring et al 1992) and a role of cortisol in lipid-mobilization has been proposed (Lidman et al 1979;Sheridan, 1987). Changes in blood glucose and free fatty acid compositions are probably significant actions by which cortisol increases the availability of energy and the readiness of fish to survive stress.…”

Section: Plasma Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine, Physiological and Histopathological Responses of Fish and their Larvae to Stress with Emphasis on Exposure to Crude Oil and Various Petroleum Hydrocarbons

Alkindi

Brown

Waring

2000

SQU Journal for Science

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ABSTRACT:Various endocrine and physiological responses of fish exposed to forceful physical and chemical stimuli are reviewed with emphasis on the effects of crude oils and their hydrocarbon constituents. The chemistry and toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons are examined and methods for experimental exposure of fish to crude oil and petroleum hydrocarbons are considered. A variety of blood-borne parameters recognized as reliable tools in determining the relative severity of stress in fish are reviewed. The effects of stress and petroleum hydrocarbons on endocrine responses including changes in plasma AL-KINDI, BROWN, and WARING catecholamines, corticosteroids, and thyroid hormones are reviewed. The physiological responses: changes in plasma glucose, osmotic and ionic regulation, blood oxygen, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration are explored, and histopathological effects of crude oil on fish are reviewed. Recent studies of the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on fish larvae are considered and the increased sensitivity of the early life stages of fish are highlighted.

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Metabolic effects of cortisol in the European eel, Anguilla anguilla (L.)

Cited by 41 publications

References 31 publications

The hematological response to exhaustive exercise in ‘all-fish’ growth hormone transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The hematological response to exhaustive exercise in ‘all-fish’ growth hormone transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Cortisol and liver metabolism of immature American eels,Anguilla rostrata (LeSueur)

Endocrine, Physiological and Histopathological Responses of Fish and their Larvae to Stress with Emphasis on Exposure to Crude Oil and Various Petroleum Hydrocarbons

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