Metabolic engineering of a xylose-isomerase-expressing strain for rapid anaerobic xylose fermentation

Kuyper, Marko; Hartog, Miranda M.P.; Toirkens, Maurice J.; Almering, Marinka J. H.; Winkler, Aaron A.; Dijken, Johannes P. van; Pronk, Jack T.

doi:10.1016/j.femsyr.2004.09.010

Cited by 367 publications

(343 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…This strain, RWB 217, overproduces the enzymes: xylulokinase (EC 2.7.1.17), ribulose 5-phosphate isomerase (EC 5.3.1.6), ribulose 5-phosphate epimerase (EC 5.3.1.1), transketolase (EC 2.2.1.1) and transaldolase (EC 2.2.1.2). In addition, the GRE3 gene encoding aldose reductase was deleted to further minimise xylitol production (Kuyper et al 2005a). The resulting strain could be cultivated under anaerobic conditions without any need for selection or mutagenesis and had at that time the highest reported specific ethanol production rate (Table 6).…”

Section: Xylose Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholic fermentation of carbon sources in biomass hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: current status

Maris

Abbott

Bellissimi

et al. 2006

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

436

276

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Fuel ethanol production from plant biomass hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is of great economic and environmental significance. This paper reviews the current status with respect to alcoholic fermentation of the main plant biomass-derived monosaccharides by this yeast. Wild-type S. cerevisiae strains readily ferment glucose, mannose and fructose via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway of glycolysis, while galactose is fermented via the Leloir pathway. Construction of yeast strains that efficiently convert other potentially fermentable substrates in plant biomass hydrolysates into ethanol is a major challenge in metabolic engineering. The most abundant of these compounds is xylose. Recent metabolic and evolutionary engineering studies on S. cerevisiae strains that express a fungal xylose isomerase have enabled the rapid and efficient anaerobic fermentation of this pentose.L-Arabinose fermentation, based on the expression of a prokaryotic pathway in S. cerevisiae, has also been established, but needs further optimization before it can be considered for industrial implementation. In addition to these already investigated strategies, possible approaches for metabolic engineering of galacturonic acid and rhamnose fermentation by S. cerevisiae are discussed. An emerging and major challenge is to achieve the rapid transition from proof-of-principle experiments under 'academic' conditions (synthetic media, single substrates or simple substrate mixtures, absence of toxic inhibitors) towards efficient conversion of complex industrial substrate mixtures that contain synergistically acting inhibitors.

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Section: Xylose Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholic fermentation of carbon sources in biomass hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: current status

Maris

Abbott

Bellissimi

et al. 2006

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

436

276

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Metabolic engineering of microorganisms responsive to the needs of cellulosic ethanol production has received considerable attention and effort over the last two decades with utilization of xylose and other nonglucose sugars as a major focus. In particular, mesophilic recombinant microorganisms producing ethanol at high yield from nonglucose sugars present in biomass have been developed by increasing ethanol yields in enteric bacteria (3,4) and by conferring the ability to use non-glucose sugars to Zymomonas mobilis (5) and yeast (6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic engineering of a thermophilic bacterium to produce ethanol at high yield

Shaw

Podkaminer²,

Desai³

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

329

242

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We report engineering Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum, a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium that ferments xylan and biomass-derived sugars, to produce ethanol at high yield. Knockout of genes involved in organic acid formation (acetate kinase, phosphate acetyltransferase, and L-lactate dehydrogenase) resulted in a strain able to produce ethanol as the only detectable organic product and substantial changes in electron flow relative to the wild type. Ethanol formation in the engineered strain (ALK2) utilizes pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase with electrons transferred from ferredoxin to NAD(P), a pathway different from that in previously described microbes with a homoethanol fermentation. The homoethanologenic phenotype was stable for >150 generations in continuous culture. The growth rate of strain ALK2 was similar to the wild-type strain, with a reduction in cell yield proportional to the decreased ATP availability resulting from acetate kinase inactivation. Glucose and xylose are co-utilized and utilization of mannose and arabinose commences before glucose and xylose are exhausted. Using strain ALK2 in simultaneous hydrolysis and fermentation experiments at 50°C allows a 2.5-fold reduction in cellulase loading compared with using Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 37°C. The maximum ethanol titer produced by strain ALK2, 37 g/liter, is the highest reported thus far for a thermophilic anaerobe, although further improvements are desired and likely possible. Our results extend the frontier of metabolic engineering in thermophilic hosts, have the potential to significantly lower the cost of cellulosic ethanol production, and support the feasibility of further cost reductions through engineering a diversity of host organisms.bioenergy ͉ cellulosic ethanol ͉ thermophile

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“…Butanol has two more carbons than ethanol, which results in an energy content of about 40% higher than that of ethanol. The octane number of butanol is 96 [ 8], which is somewhat lower than that of ethanol but is still comparable to that of gasoline (91-99). Unlike ethanol, butanol is less soluble in water than ethanol.…”

Section: Gasoline and Its Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 79%

Metabolic engineering of microorganisms for biofuels production: from bugs to synthetic biology to fuels

Lee

Chou

Ham

et al. 2008

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

554

302

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The ability to generate microorganisms that can produce biofuels similar to petroleum-based transportation fuels would allow the use of existing engines and infrastructure and would save an enormous amount of capital required for replacing the current infrastructure to accommodate biofuels that have properties significantly different from petroleum-based fuels. Several groups have demonstrated the feasibility of manipulating microbes to produce molecules similar to petroleum-derived products, albeit at relatively low productivity (e.g. maximum butanol production is around 20 g/L). For cost-effective production of biofuels, the fuel-producing hosts and pathways must be engineered and optimized. Advances in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology will provide new tools for metabolic engineers to better understand how to rewire the cell in order to create the desired phenotypes for the production of economically viable biofuels.

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Metabolic engineering of a xylose-isomerase-expressing strain for rapid anaerobic xylose fermentation

Cited by 367 publications

References 46 publications

Alcoholic fermentation of carbon sources in biomass hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: current status

Alcoholic fermentation of carbon sources in biomass hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: current status

Metabolic engineering of a thermophilic bacterium to produce ethanol at high yield

Metabolic engineering of microorganisms for biofuels production: from bugs to synthetic biology to fuels

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