Metabolic Engineering of Isoflavone Biosynthesis

Yu, Oliver; McGonigle, Brian

doi:10.1016/s0065-2113(05)86003-1

Cited by 112 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 155 publications

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“…It is possible that the increase in CHS expression enhances production of chalcone that may be diverted toward isoflavonoid synthesis in RCAT Angora and not affect the rest of the phenylpropanoid pathway. In contrast, no significant increase in isoflavone level was observed when CHS was expressed in soybean seed under the control of seedspecific promoter (Yu and McGonigle, 2005). It appears that CHS7 and CHS8 genes are crucial for isoflavonoid synthesis and that enhanced expression of one or both of these genes during development is specifically associated with higher seed isoflavonoid content at maturity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Critical Role ofCHS7andCHS8Genes for Isoflavonoid Synthesis in Soybean Seeds

et al. 2006

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We have used cDNA microarray analysis to examine changes in gene expression during embryo development in soybean (Glycine max) and to compare gene expression profiles of two soybean cultivars that differ in seed isoflavonoid content. The analysis identified 5,910 genes that were differentially expressed in both soybean cultivars grown at two different locations for two consecutive years in one of the five different stages of embryo development. An ANOVA analysis with P value , 0.05 and , 0.01 indicated that gene expression changes due to environmental factors are greater than those due to cultivar differences. Most changes in gene expression occurred at the stages when the embryos were at 30 or 70 d after pollination. A significantly larger fraction of genes (48.5%) was expressed throughout the development and showed little or no change in expression. Transcript accumulation for genes related to the biosynthesis of storage components in soybean embryos showed several unique temporal expressions. Expression patterns of several genes involved in isoflavonoid biosynthesis, such as Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase, Chalcone Synthase (CHS) 7, CHS8, and Isoflavone Synthase2, were higher at 70 d after pollination in both the cultivars. Thus, expression of these genes coincides with the onset of accumulation of isoflavonoids in the embryos. A comparative analysis of genes involved in isoflavonoid biosynthesis in RCAT Angora (high seed isoflavonoid cultivar) and Harovinton (low seed isoflavonoid cultivar) revealed that CHS7 and CHS8 were expressed at significantly greater level in RCAT Angora than in Harovinton. Our study provides a detailed transcriptome profiling of soybean embryos during development and indicates that differences in the level of seed isoflavonoids between these two cultivars could be as a result of differential expression of CHS7 and CHS8 during late stages of seed development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Critical Role ofCHS7andCHS8Genes for Isoflavonoid Synthesis in Soybean Seeds

et al. 2006

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“…As expected, there were positive correlations between most individual isoflavone and total isoflavone concentrations and isoflavone yields (r ranging between 0.28 and 0.91). These correlations are not surprising as individual isoflavones are all synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway (Yu and McGonigle 2005).…”

Section: Correlations Between Isoflavone Concentrations and Other Seementioning

confidence: 96%

Seeding date, row spacing, and weed effects on soybean isoflavone concentrations and other seed characteristics

Al-Tawaha¹,

Séguin²

2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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20-, 40-and 60-cm) and weeds (presence or absence) on soybean isoflavone concentrations and isoflavone yield. Total and individual isoflavone concentrations were determined by HPLC. Seed yield, and oil and crude protein (CP) concentrations were concurrently determined. Year, seeding date, and weeds affected total and individual isoflavone concentrations, while row spacing had no effect. Total isoflavone concentration was 84% greater in 2003 than 2004. Seeding in mid-June increased isoflavone concentration by 38%, compared with seeding in May. The presence of weeds increased total isoflavone concentration by 9%. Year, row spacing, and weeds significantly affected seed yields. Seed yields were greatest in 2004, at 20-or 40-cm row spacing, and in the absence of weeds. Seeding date affected CP and oil concentrations. Greater CP concentration was observed with earlier seeding, the reverse was observed for oil. Weeds also affected CP and oil concentrations: higher CP and oil concentrations were observed in weedy and weed-free plots, respectively. Total isoflavone yield was affected by all factors evaluated. Isoflavone yield was greater in 2003 than 2004, with mid-June rather than late May seeding, when seeded at row spacing of 20-or 40-than 60-cm, and without weeds. Finally, negative correlations were observed between isoflavone concentrations and CP concentration and seed yield. It thus seems that certain agronomic practices may need to be tailored specifically to isoflavone production if concentrations in soybean are to be maximized. The negative correlations observed between isoflavone concentrations and other important seed characteristics warrant further research. La concentration de PB est plus élevée quand on sème plus tôt, l'inverse étant vrai pour l'huile. Les mauvaises herbes influent aussi sur la concentration de PB et d'huile, la première étant plus élevée dans les parcelles avec adventices et la seconde dans celles sans mauvaises herbes. Le rendement total en isoflavones subit l'influence de tous les paramètres examinés. Le rendement en isoflavones était plus élevé en 2003 qu'en 2004, avec les semis à la mi-juin plutôt qu'à la fin de mai, à un écartement de 20 ou de 40 cm plutôt que de 60 et dans les parcelles sans mauvaises herbes. Enfin, la concentration d'isoflavones présente une correlation négative avec le rendement grainier et celle de PB. Il semble donc qu'on devrait adapter certaines pratiques agricoles pour optimiser la production d'isoflavones par le soja. Les corrélations négatives observées entre la concentration d'isoflavones et d'autres caractéristiques importantes de la graine justifient la tenue d'autres recherches.

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“…Genistein, daidzein, and glycitein are the major soybean isoflavones. The phenylpropanoid pathway is also involved in the synthesis of other phenolic compounds such as tannins, lignins, lignans, anthocyanins, flavones, flavonols, and the soybean phytoalexins glyceollins, which are pterocarpans and possess antimicrobial activities [32]. Amino acid, L-phenylalanine, is the precursor in the pathway, and it is stripped of its amine group to produce cinnamic acid via the enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Seed Phenol, Lignin, and Isoflavones and Sugars Composition Altered by Foliar Boron Application in Soybean under Water Stress

Bellaloui¹

2012

FNS

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Previous research showed that foliar boron (B) application at flowering or seed-fill growth stages altered seed protein, oil, and fatty acids. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of foliar B fertilizer on seed phenolics (phenol, lignin, and isoflavones) and sugars concentrations. A repeated greenhouse experiment was conducted on soybean [(Glycine max(L.) Merr.)] under watered and water-stressed conditions. Soybean plants were divided into different sets, and each set was subjected to one of the following treatments: W = plants were watered with no foliar B; WB = plants were watered and received foliar B; WS = plants were water-stressed with no foliar B; WSB = plants were waterstressed and received foliar B. Foliar B was applied at rate of 0.45 kg/ha twice at flowering and twice at seed-fill stages. The results showed that total phenol and lignin concentrations were higher in seed collected from water-stressed plants compared with those collected from watered plants whether B was applied or not. The higher total phenol and lignin concentration in seed collected of water-stressed plants may be due to B-deficiency in plant tissues. Application of B resulted in higher concentrations of total seed B and isoflavones under watered and water-stressed plants. Higher cell wall B was higher in water-stressed plants than in watered plants, having an opposite trend to total B. Application of B resulted in higher seed sucrose in watered and water-stressed plants, but raffinose and stachyose were significantly higher under water-stressed plants. The research demonstrated that foliar B fertilizer altered seed phenol, lignin, isoflavones, and sugars, suggesting that B involved in phenolics and sugar metabolism. The higher cell wall B in waterstressed plants than in watered plants supports previous research that B has mainly a structural role. The higher sucrose resulting from foliar B in watered plants is desirable as sucrose contributes to seed quality. The increase of raffinose and stachyose concentrations in seed of water-stressed plants is undesirable as raffinose, and especially stachyose may be involved in water stress/drought tolerance. The current knowledge would help soybean breeders select for higher phenolic compounds and desirable sugars for higher seed qualities under drought conditions.

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Metabolic Engineering of Isoflavone Biosynthesis

Cited by 112 publications

References 155 publications

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Critical Role ofCHS7andCHS8Genes for Isoflavonoid Synthesis in Soybean Seeds

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Critical Role ofCHS7andCHS8Genes for Isoflavonoid Synthesis in Soybean Seeds

Seeding date, row spacing, and weed effects on soybean isoflavone concentrations and other seed characteristics

Soybean Seed Phenol, Lignin, and Isoflavones and Sugars Composition Altered by Foliar Boron Application in Soybean under Water Stress

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