Metabolic fate of non-esterified fatty acids in isolated hepatocytes from newborn and young pigs. Evidence for a limited capacity for oxidation and increased capacity for esterification

Pégorier, Jean‐Paul; Duée, Pierre‐Henri; Girard, Jean; Péret, J

doi:10.1042/bj2120093

Cited by 49 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…BHB levels in the present study were in the lower range to previously reported values for hepatocytes isolated from 60 kg pigs (Fernández-Fígares et al, 2004). The low rate of β-oxidation capacity has been ascribed to a propensity for fatty acid esterification v. oxidation in piglets (Pégorier et al, 1983). As ketone bodies are the result of partial free fatty acid oxidation, no differences in fatty acid oxidation would be expected between pig breeds at the hepatic level.…”

Section: Bhb Synthesiscontrasting

confidence: 71%

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

González-Valero

Rodríguez-López

Lachica

et al. 2014

Animal

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There are important differences in terms of metabolic activity, energy utilization and capacity of protein and fat deposition when Iberian and modern pigs are compared. Primary culture of hepatocytes was used to evaluate hepatic function and sensitivity to hormones between breeds without the interference of circulating blood factors. Hepatocytes were isolated from pure Iberian (n = 10) and Landrace (n = 8) pigs of similar BW (24.5 ± 12.1 and 32.9 ± 6.1 kg BW, respectively), by collagenase perfusion. Monolayers were established in medium containing fetal bovine serum for 1 day and switched to serum-free medium for the remainder of the culture period. Hepatocytes were maintained in William's E supplemented with β-mercaptoethanol (0.1 mM), glutamine (2 mM), antibiotics (gentamicin, penicillin, streptomycin and amphotericin B), dimethyl sulfoxide (1 µg/ml), dexamethasone (10 −8 M), insulin (0.173 and 17.3 nM) and glucagon (0.287, 2.87 and 28.7 nM) for 24 to 48 h. Gluconeogenesis (GNG), glycogen degradation, triglycerides (TG) content and esterification, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) synthesis, IGF-1 synthesis, albumin and urea synthesis were determined. Iberian pigs had greater capacity of GNG than Landrace (24%, P < 0.05), although no difference in glycogen degradation was found (P > 0.10). TG content and esterification tended to be lower in hepatocytes from Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (12% and 31%, respectively; 0.10 < P < 0.05). Furthermore, addition of free fatty acids (CLA or linoleic acid, 0.2 mM) increased TG content (64%, P < 0.001) although no difference between fatty acids was found. When free fatty acids were compared, a trend toward increased esterification (41%, P = 0.078) was found for CLA. Although glucagon stimulated and insulin inhibited BHB synthesis, no difference between breeds was found (P > 0.10). IGF-1 synthesis was diminished in hepatocytes from Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (16%, P < 0.05). On the contrary, rate of albumin synthesis was greater in Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (58%, P < 0.05). Finally, the capacity of urea synthesis was lower in hepatocytes of Iberian compared with Landrace pigs (37%, P < 0.05). When ammonia was added to the media, urea concentration increased (648%, 1108% and 2791% when 0 mM was compared with 2.5, 5 and 10 mM, respectively). Urea synthesis increased on increasing ammonia content (55% and 325% when 0 mM was compared with 5 and 10 mM, respectively; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, the genetic background accounts for important differences in protein and energy metabolism pathways found in primary culture of hepatocytes from lean and obese pigs.Keywords: hepatocytes, metabolism, pig ImplicationsSeveral studies have shown the existence of numerous dissimilarities in metabolic activity between Iberian and modern pig breeds that might be explained by genotypic differences. Primary hepatocyte cultures are a valuable tool to study specific metabolic liver functions, without the interference of changing levels of metabolites and hormones found in vivo. These...

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Section: Bhb Synthesiscontrasting

confidence: 71%

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

González-Valero

Rodríguez-López

Lachica

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…In the hepatocyte model, it is clear that available carnitine markedly limits the rate of palmitate oxidation and this may indicate that at least following 4 days of culture, cellular levels of carnitine are attenuated. In other hepatocyte studies where fatty acid utilization has been investigated, carnitine has been routinely added to the extracellular environment presumably to ensure maximal rates of oxidation (Pegorier et al, 1983;Odle et al, 1991). When betaine was added to carnitine-free and carnitine amended cultures, no enhancement of oxidation was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Betaine improves growth, but does not induce whole body or hepatic palmitate oxidation in swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

Wray‐Cahen¹,

Fernández‐Fígares²,

Virtanen³

et al. 2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular &

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Dietary betaine may reduce carcass fat in growing pigs. We explored the effects of betaine on short-term growth and in vivo and in vitro fatty acid oxidation. Pigs were housed in metabolism crates and fed diets containing either 0% (control), 0.125% or 0.5% betaine at 80% of ad libitum energy intake. Fatty acid oxidation was measured during intravenous infusions of 1-C-palmitate and in hepatocytes incubated in the presence or absence of betaine and carnitine. 13CO and palmitate isotopic enrichments were determined by mass spectrometry. Pigs consuming 0.125% and 0.5% 2 betaine for at least 9 days had growth rates that were 38% and 12% greater than controls, respectively. Feed efficiency was also improved with betaine. Fasting increased palmitate oxidation rates 7-8-fold (P-0.01), but betaine had no effect in either the fed or fasted state (P)0.1). For hepatocytes, carnitine but not betaine enhanced palmitate oxidation. This response suggests that previously observed reduction in adipose accretion must be via a mechanism other than oxidation. Betaine had no effect on plasma non-esterified fatty acids or urea nitrogen. Under the confinement conditions in this study, dietary betaine improved animal growth responses, but it had no apparent effect on either whole body or hepatic fatty acid oxidation. ᮊ

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“…Until now, such a study was partially performed in acute conditions from venous blood sampling (Ruiz, Ewan and Speer, 1971 ;Atinmo, Pond and Barnes, 1974 (Pégorier et al, 1983). Stable concentrations of blood metabolites are found after the first postoperative day but later concerning plasma insulin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of feed intake level in late gestation on arterial blood concentrations of energy substrates, insulin and glucagon in the chronically catheterized gilt

Nunes¹,

Duée²,

Pégorier³

et al. 1987

Reprod. Nutr. Dévelop.

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Summary. The aim of the present work was to study, in the unstressed catheterized gilt, While plasma glucagon concentrations are constant whatever the physiological state or the feed intake level, plasma insulin levels progressively decrease in the pregnant gilt.These data are discussed to display some aspects of the adaptation of the maternal metabolism in the gilt in late gestation.Introduction.

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Metabolic fate of non-esterified fatty acids in isolated hepatocytes from newborn and young pigs. Evidence for a limited capacity for oxidation and increased capacity for esterification

Cited by 49 publications

References 35 publications

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

Metabolic differences in hepatocytes of obese and lean pigs

Betaine improves growth, but does not induce whole body or hepatic palmitate oxidation in swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

Effect of feed intake level in late gestation on arterial blood concentrations of energy substrates, insulin and glucagon in the chronically catheterized gilt

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