Metabolic Interaction of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Gut Microbiota

Abstract

As a barrier, gut commensal microbiota can protect against potential pathogenic microbes in the gastrointestinal tract. Crosstalk between gut microbes and immune cells promotes human intestinal homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of many human metabolic disorders like obesity, hepatic steatohepatitis, and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Certain microbes, such as butyrate-producing bacteria, are lower in T2D patients. The transfer of intestinal microbiota from lean donors increases insulin sensitivity in individuals with metabolic syndrome, but the exact pathogenesis remains unclear. H. pylori in the human stomach cause chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancers. H. pylori infection also induces insulin resistance and has been defined as a predisposing factor to T2D development. Gastric and fecal microbiota may have been changed in H. pylori-infected persons and mice to promote gastric inflammation and specific diseases. However, the interaction of H. pylori and gut microbiota in regulating host metabolism also remains unknown. Further studies aim to identify the H. pylori-microbiota-host metabolism axis and to test if H. pylori eradication or modification of gut microbiota can improve the control of human metabolic disorders.

Review: Prevalence and dynamics of Helicobacter pylori infection during childhood

“…There were 105 studies on H. pylori including healthy children of which 31 were excluded for the following reasons: case-control study [12], diagnostic method study [6], eradication follow-up study or trial [6], pediatric, and adult data were not clearly separated [4], the study only included H. pylori infected children [2] [1]. Additionally, three papers from the Embase ® search were added.…”

“…Studies aimed at determining infection prevalence have included different populations (symptomatic or asymptomatic children), numerous surveillance methodologies (cross‐sectional, longitudinal, cohort) and different direct (urea breath test {UBT}, H. pylori stool antigen and study of gastric biopsies) and indirect methods of infection detection (anti‐ H. pylori antibodies). Reviews on H. pylori infection in children over the last 5 years have focused on natural history, eradication treatment, antibiotic resistance, vaccine development, and its relationship to atopy and its metabolic role in the microbiome . However, there have been no recent systematic reviews that focus on understanding the dynamics of H. pylori infection during childhood, as well as the proportion of children infected, the age of first infection and the duration of infection in various populations.…”

“…6 Helicobacter pylori infection seems to be acquired largely during childhood [7][8][9] and understanding the dynamics and outcomes associated with infection at early ages may prove critical for the design and relationship to atopy and its metabolic role in the microbiome. [10][11][12] However, there have been no recent systematic reviews that focus on understanding the dynamics of H. pylori infection during childhood, as well as the proportion of children infected, the age of first infection and the duration of infection in various populations. Importantly, separating infection rates by asymptomatic and symptomatic children is also lacking.…”

Relationship Between Metabolic Parameters and Helicobacter Pylori Infections With Upper Gastrointestinal System Endoscopy and Gastric Histopathology Results in Patients With Dyspeptic Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Tip 2 diabetes mellitus ve HP arasındaki muhtemel ilişkiye ait yayınlanan sonuçlar arasında farklılıklar vardır. (1)(2)(3). Bazı yayınlarda HP infeksiyonu ile glukoz dengesi arasında korelasyon gösterilememiştir (4,5,6).…”

“…Bazı yayınlarda HP infeksiyonu ile glukoz dengesi arasında korelasyon gösterilememiştir (4,5,6). Ancak HP infekksiyonunu anlamlı bir şekilde insulin direnci oluşturduğu bildirilmiştir (3,7,8).…”