Metabolic Labeling Strategy Boosted Antibacterial Efficiency for Photothermal and Photodynamic Synergistic Bacteria-Infected Wound Therapy

Abstract

Pathogenic bacteria infections bring about a substantial risk to human health. Given the development of antibiotic-resistance bacteria, alternative antibacterial strategies with great inactivation efficiency and bacteria-binding ability are extremely attractive. In this work, a metabolic labeling photosensitizer, prepared by the coupling of commercial IR820 and Dpropargylglycine (a type of D-amino acid, DAA) via a straightforward one-step incubation (IR820-DAA), could metabolically be incorporated into the bacterial wall via enzymatic reactions, thus enhancing antibacterial efficiency. The laser energy at 808 nm could make IR820-DAA a synergistic photothermal/ photodynamic agent for efficient antibacterial therapy and wound healing. Furthermore, IR820-DAA exhibits good water solubility and biological safety for clinical translation and even possesses biofilm degradation activity toward methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Overall, the proposed IR820-DAA holds great promise as a nonantibiotic tool for the treatment of bacteria-related diseases and offers a blueprint for building the precise synergistic antibacterial therapeutic platform.

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for the Remote Eradication of Bacteria

“…Reproduced from ref. [166] Copyright (2022), with permission from American Chemical Society (D) A NIR-mediated lysozyme responsive photodynamic therapy using upconversion nanoparticles. Reproduced from ref.…”

“…[168] Furthermore, other unconventional classes of photosensitizers have also emerged in APDT and being employed in treating skin and wound infections. These classes include organic dyes [61,166,[172][173][174] and aggregated-induced emission luminogens. [73,[175][176][177][178] As shown in Figure 4C, Li and his coworkers developed a bacterial metabolic labeling photosensitizer that achieve a synergistic photothermal/photodynamic effect with good biocompatibility.…”

“…More significantly, IR 820-DAA displayed outstanding wound healing in MRSA-infected mouse, with negligible consequences at the given dose. [166] Interestingly, there has been more intelligent approaches whereby researchers are looking at nanoparticles such as upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) [98,179] and persistent-luminescence nanoparticles (PL-NPs) [180,181] and to serve as light sources to excite the photosensitizers in a cascade manner, that has been applied in wound healing animal models.…”

“…The integration of different therapeutic systems with APDT into a single modality has attracted attention because of the combination of their respective benefits which will enhance the entire APDT therapeutic effects. [15] Examples including the combination with photothermal therapy (PTT), [61,92,166] chemo dynamic therapy (CDT), [33,[167][168][169] and antibiotics. [170,171] For instance, the combination of PDT and PTT are usually employed under different parameters due to the limitation of PDT in hypoxic environments.…”

“…Copyright (2022), with permission from Springer Nature (C) A metabolic labeling strategy for synergistic photodynamic and photothermal enhanced antibacterial effect. Reproduced from ref [166]. Copyright (2022), with permission from American Chemical Society (D) A NIR-mediated lysozyme responsive photodynamic therapy using upconversion nanoparticles.…”