Metabolic products of the intestinal microbiome and extremes of atherosclerosis

Bogiatzi, Chrysi; Gloor, Gregory B.; Allen‐Vercoe, Emma; Reid, Gregor; Wong, Ruth G.; Urquhart, Bradley L.; Dinculescu, Vincent; Ruetz, Kelsey N.; Velenosi, Thomas J.; Pignanelli, Michael; Spence, J. David

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.04.015

Cited by 118 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Microbial metabolism of tryptophan induces the production of the gut-derived uremic toxin (GDUT) indoxyl sulfate. This metabolite was shown to promote the generation of ROS in endothelial cells promoting, endothelial dysfunction and associated with aortic calcification, vascular stiffness and cardio-vascular mortality in hemodialysis patients [79].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Oil Modulates the Gut Microbiota Associated with Atherogenic Biomarkers

et al. 2020

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During the last few decades there has been a staggering rise in human consumption of soybean-oil (SO). The microbiome and specific taxa composing it are dramatically affected by diet; specifically, by high-fat diets. Increasing evidence indicates the association between dysbiosis and health or disease state, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and atherosclerosis pathogenesis in human and animal models. To investigate the effects of high SO intake, C57BL/6 mice were orally supplemented with SO-based emulsion (SOE) for one month, followed by analyses of atherosclerosis-related biomarkers and microbiota profiling by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal DNA. SOE-supplementation caused compositional changes to 64 taxa, including enrichment in Bacteroidetes, Mucispirillum, Prevotella and Ruminococcus, and decreased Firmicutes. These changes were previously associated with atherosclerosis in numerous studies. Among the shifted taxa, 40 significantly correlated with at least one atherosclerosis-related biomarker (FDR < 0.05), while 13 taxa positively correlated with the average of all biomarkers. These microbial alterations also caused a microbial-derived metabolic-pathways shift, including enrichment in different amino-acid metabolic-pathways known to be implicated in CVD. In conclusion, our results demonstrate dysbiosis following SOE supplementation associated with atherosclerosis-related biomarkers. These findings point to the microbiome as a possible mediator to CVD, and it may be implemented into non-invasive diagnostic tools or as potential therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean Oil Modulates the Gut Microbiota Associated with Atherogenic Biomarkers

et al. 2020

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“…The study and participant cohorts are described in ref. [2] . In brief, patients were phenotyped by carotid artery plaque by JDS, and metadata collected.…”

Section: Experimental Design Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data on the gut and saliva microbiota from a cohort of atherosclerosis patients determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

et al. 2018

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This work was conducted to characterize the 16S rRNA gene profile of a cohort of patients with traditional risk factors for developing atherosclerosis. The patients in the cohort were divided into two extremes; those predicted to develop extreme atherosclerosis who did not (Protected), and those predicted not to develop atherosclerosis who did (Unexplained). Bacterial DNA was isolated from stool and saliva and this was used to determine the V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene sequence composition of the samples in triplicate.

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“…38,39 Studies have found that phenylacetylglutamine and p-cresyl sulphateare lower in patients with non-coronary heart disease and p-cresyl sulphate is a significant independent predictor of carotid plaque burden. 40 Escherichia coli-based intestinal flora produce a large amount of quinone by metabolizing the tryptophan in food and further oxidize it to indophenol under the action of microbial oxidase. Similar to TMAO, indophenols in the liver are sulphonatedto form IS.…”

Section: Phenylacetylglutamine P-cresyl Sulfate Is Enterolactonementioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine organs of cardiovascular diseases: Gut microbiota

Jia

Xie

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Gut microbiota ( GM ) is a collection of bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses and protozoa , etc. They inhabit human intestines and play an essential role in human health and disease. Close information exchange between the intestinal microbes and the host performs a vital role in digestion, immune defence, nervous system regulation, especially metabolism, maintaining a delicate balance between itself and the human host. Studies have shown that the composition of GM and its metabolites are firmly related to the occurrence of various diseases. More and more researchers have demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota is a virtual ‘organ’ with endocrine function and the bioactive metabolites produced by it can affect the physiological role of the host. With deepening researches in recent years, clinical data indicated that the GM has a significant effect on the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases ( CVD ). This article systematically elaborated the relationship between metabolites of GM and its effects, the relationship between intestinal dysbacteriosis and cardiovascular risk factors, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart failure and hypertension and the possible pathogenic mechanisms. Regulating the GM is supposed to be a potential new therapeutic target for CVD .

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Metabolic products of the intestinal microbiome and extremes of atherosclerosis

Cited by 118 publications

References 34 publications

Soybean Oil Modulates the Gut Microbiota Associated with Atherogenic Biomarkers

Soybean Oil Modulates the Gut Microbiota Associated with Atherogenic Biomarkers

Data on the gut and saliva microbiota from a cohort of atherosclerosis patients determined by 16S rRNA gene sequencing

Endocrine organs of cardiovascular diseases: Gut microbiota

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