Metabolic profile and prolactin serum levels in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Old-new rubric

Al-Nami, Marwa S; Al-Kuraishy, Hayder M; Al-Gareeb, Ali I; Al‐Mamoori, Farah

doi:10.4103/ijciis.ijciis_40_19

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Thus, untreated and long-standing hyperglycemia may lead to ALI through ischemic-reperfusion injury ( 22 ). Also noteworthy is the fact that hyperglycemia is associated with oxidative stress' induction and inflammatory mediators' overproduction, which together partake in the development of endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis due to alterations in both function and generation of antithrombin III ( 23 ). Taken together, these findings reveal that both COVID-19 and hyperglycemia interact in a vicious cycle leading to more complications and worse metabolic outcomes.…”

Section: Covid-19 and Hyperglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in Relation to Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus

Al-Kuraishy¹,

Al-Gareeb²,

Alblihed

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), may lead to extrapulmonary manifestations like diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemia, both predicting a poor prognosis and an increased risk of death. SARS-CoV-2 infects the pancreas through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), where it is highly expressed compared to other organs, leading to pancreatic damage with subsequent impairment of insulin secretion and development of hyperglycemia even in non-DM patients. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview of the potential link between COVID-19 and hyperglycemia as a risk factor for DM development in relation to DM pharmacotherapy. For that, a systematic search was done in the database of MEDLINE through Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), and Wanfang Data. Data obtained underline that SARS-CoV-2 infection in DM patients is more severe and associated with poor clinical outcomes due to preexistence of comorbidities and inflammation disorders. SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs glucose homeostasis and metabolism in DM and non-DM patients due to cytokine storm (CS) development, downregulation of ACE2, and direct injury of pancreatic β-cells. Therefore, the potent anti-inflammatory effect of diabetic pharmacotherapies such as metformin, pioglitazone, sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2Is), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors may mitigate COVID-19 severity. In addition, some antidiabetic agents and also insulin may reduce SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and severity through the modulation of the ACE2 receptor expression. The findings presented here illustrate that insulin therapy might seem as more appropriate than other anti-DM pharmacotherapies in the management of COVID-19 patients with DM due to low risk of uncontrolled hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). From these findings, we could not give the final conclusion about the efficacy of diabetic pharmacotherapy in COVID-19; thus, clinical trial and prospective studies are warranted to confirm this finding and concern.

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Section: Covid-19 and Hyperglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in Relation to Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus

Al-Kuraishy¹,

Al-Gareeb²,

Alblihed

et al. 2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…T2DM represents 95% of all diabetes types and contributes to 5% of all mortalities under the age of 70 [ 23 , 24 ]. Genetic, epigenetic, environmental factors, obesity, smoking and male sex are the main risk factors involved in the development and progression of T2DM [ 25 , 26 ]. Particularly, aggregation of hIAPP is associated with the development of T2DM by inducing apoptosis and loss of pancreatic β cells in the islet of Langerhans [ 21 ].…”

Section: Role Of Hiapp In T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential role of human islet amyloid polypeptide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s diseases

Alrouji

Al-Kuraishy²,

Al-Gareeb³

et al. 2023

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Human Islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) from pancreatic β cells in the islet of Langerhans has different physiological functions including inhibiting the release of insulin and glucagon. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an endocrine disorder due to relative insulin insufficiency and insulin resistance (IR) is associated with increased circulating hIAPP. Remarkably, hIAPP has structural similarity with amyloid beta (Aβ) and can engage in the pathogenesis of T2DM and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Therefore, the present review aimed to elucidate how hIAPP acts as a link between T2DM and AD. IR, aging and low β cell mass increase expression of hIAPP which binds cell membrane leading to the aberrant release of Ca2+ and activation of the proteolytic enzymes leading to a series of events causing loss of β cells. Peripheral hIAPP plays a major role in the pathogenesis of AD, and high circulating hIAPP level increase AD risk in T2DM patients. However, there is no hard evidence for the role of brain-derived hIAPP in the pathogenesis of AD. Nevertheless, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, chaperon-mediated autophagy, heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), immune response, and zinc homeostasis in T2DM could be the possible mechanisms for the induction of the aggregation of hIAPP which increase AD risk. In conclusion, increasing hIAPP circulating levels in T2DM patients predispose them to the development and progression of AD. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists attenuate AD in T2DM by inhibiting expression and deposition of hIAP.

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“…In contrast, a longitudinal study comprised Chinese adults with hypertension illustrated that low furin levels were associated with a high risk of hypertension 28 suggesting a protective effect of furin. Similarly, a prospective study demonstrated that a deficiency of furin increases the risk for the development of abdominal obesity 29–31 . However, Ren et al 32 disclosed that furin through induction of inflammatory reaction and lipid dysmetabolism may promote the propagation of atherosclerosis and hypertension.…”

Section: Furin and Cardiometabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, a prospective study demonstrated that a deficiency of furin increases the risk for the development of abdominal obesity. 29 , 30 , 31 However, Ren et al 32 disclosed that furin through induction of inflammatory reaction and lipid dysmetabolism may promote the propagation of atherosclerosis and hypertension. These findings suggest a latent controversy regarding the role of furin in the development of cardiometabolic disorders.…”

Section: Furin and Cardiometabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible role furin and furin inhibitors in endometrial adenocarcinoma: A narrative review

Al‐kuraishy,

Al‐Maiahy,

Al‐Gareeb

et al. 2023

Cancer Reports

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BackgroundEndometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) is a malignant tumor of the endometrium. EAC is the most common female malignancy following the menopause period. About 40% of patients with EAC are linked with obesity and interrelated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and high circulating estrogen levels. Proprotein convertase (PC) furin was involved in the progression of EAC.Recent findingsFurin is a protease enzyme belonging to the subtilisin PC family called PC subtilisin/kexin type 3 that converts precursor proteins to biologically active forms and products. Aberrant activation of furin promotes abnormal cell proliferation and the development of cancer. Furin promotes angiogenesis, malignant cell proliferation, and tissue invasion by malignant cells through its pro‐metastatic and oncogenic activities. Furin activity is correlated with the malignant proliferation of EAC. Higher expression of furin may increase the development of EAC through overexpression of pro‐renin receptors and disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17). As well, inflammatory signaling in EAC promotes the expression of furin with further propagation of malignant transformation.ConclusionFurin is associated with the development and progression of EAC through the induction of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of malignant cells of EAC. Furin induces ontogenesis in EAC through activation expression of ADAM17, pro‐renin receptor, CD109, and TGF‐β. As well, EAC‐mediated inflammation promotes the expression of furin with further propagation of neoplastic growth and invasion.

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Metabolic profile and prolactin serum levels in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Old-new rubric

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

COVID-19 in Relation to Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus

COVID-19 in Relation to Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus

The potential role of human islet amyloid polypeptide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer’s diseases

The possible role furin and furin inhibitors in endometrial adenocarcinoma: A narrative review

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