Metabolic profiling of Commiphora wightii (guggul) reveals a potential source for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals

Bhatia, Ashok Kumar; Bharti, Santosh Kumar; Tripathi, Tusha; Mishra, Anuradha; Sidhu, O. P.; Roy, Raja; Nautiyal, Chandra Shekhar

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.016

Cited by 58 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Both bases, however, also feed into the biosynthetic pathway of purine nucleotides. In the particular case of quinate, this cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is abundantly present in many different plants (Bentley, 1990; Lehmann et al, 2016) and was shown to accumulate to concentrations above 50% of the plant dry weight (Bhatia et al, 2015), suggesting that it may serve as carbon storage compound. It is therefore not astonishing that a plant saprophyte like P. putida KT2440 has a high-affinity chemoreceptor for quinate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Value Chemoattractants Are Preferentially Recognized at Broad Ligand Range Chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas putida KT2440

et al. 2017

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Bacteria have evolved a wide range of chemoreceptors with different ligand specificities. Typically, chemoreceptors bind ligands with elevated specificity and ligands serve as growth substrates. However, there is a chemoreceptor family that has a broad ligand specificity including many compounds that are not of metabolic value. To advance the understanding of this family, we have used the PcaY_PP (PP2643) chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 as a model. Using Isothermal Titration Calorimetry we showed here that the recombinant ligand binding domain (LBD) of PcaY_PP recognizes 17 different C6-ring containing carboxylic acids with KD values between 3.7 and 138 μM and chemoeffector affinity correlated with the magnitude of the chemotactic response. Mutation of the pcaY_PP gene abolished chemotaxis to these compounds; phenotype that was restored following gene complementation. Growth experiments using PcaY_PP ligands as sole C-sources revealed functional relationships between their metabolic potential and affinity for the chemoreceptor. Thus, only 7 PcaY_PP ligands supported growth and their KD values correlated with the length of the bacterial lag phase. Furthermore, PcaY_PP ligands that did not support growth had significantly higher KD values than those that did. The receptor has thus binds preferentially compounds that serve as C-sources and amongst them those that rapidly promote growth. Tightest binding compounds were quinate, shikimate, 3-dehydroshikimate and protocatechuate, which are at the interception of the biosynthetic shikimate and catabolic quinate pathways. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies showed that ligand free PcaY_PP-LBD is present in a monomer-dimer equilibrium (KD = 57.5 μM). Ligand binding caused a complete shift to the dimeric state, which appears to be a general feature of four-helix bundle LBDs. This study indicates that the metabolic potential of compounds is an important parameter in the molecular recognition by broad ligand range chemoreceptors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Value Chemoattractants Are Preferentially Recognized at Broad Ligand Range Chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas putida KT2440

et al. 2017

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“…This suggests that during evolution, PcaY_PP has been optimized to recognize quinate, which may be the ligand of primary physiological relevance. Quinate is a highly abundant plant carbon storage compound that was shown to accumulate to concentrations above 50% of the plant dry weight [52,53]. Furthermore, quinate is of particular metabolic values since it forms part of both the catabolic quinate pathway and the shikimate pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The structural basis for signal promiscuity in a bacterial chemoreceptor

et al. 2020

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The chemoreceptor PcaY_PP from Pseudomonas putida KT2440 shows a very broad ligand range. We report here 3D structures of its apo ligand binding domain (LBD) and structures in complex with quinate, protocatechuate, salicylate and benzoate revealing the molecular determinants for ligand promiscuity. The domain forms a four‐helix bundle, and its structural superimposition with the LBD of the Tar chemoreceptor shows that the respective ligand binding sites are ~ 8 Å apart.

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“…Analyses of polar extracts obtained from both the seasons; and compounds A and B were carried out at 300K on Bruker Biospin Advance-III 800 MHz (Bruker GmBH, Germany) spectrometer equipped with a triple-resonance cryoprobe. Samples were prepared following the method reported earlier [6]. 1 H NMR and 2D NMR of purified compounds were recorded by dissolving compounds in 500µL CDCl 3 in 5mm NMR tubes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polar metabolites from leaves, young stems and gum-resin samples were analyzed using NMR spectroscopy. Thirty nine chemically diverse primary metabolites consisting of organic acids, amino acids, sugars, cyclitols and intermediates of TCA cycle were characterized are reported earlier [6] (Table S2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Metabolite Profiling of Commiphora wightii (Guggul) with Respect to Seasons

Tripathi

Bhatia

Singh

et al. 2018

Natural Product Communications

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Aim of the study was to undertake comprehensive metabolic profiling of plant parts of Commiphora wightii during two contrasting seasons i.e. summer and winter; compared seasonal metabolic variations; and assess antioxidant activity of fractions for commercial applications. Leaves, young stems and gum-resin extracts from summer and winter seasons were analyzed using GC-MS, HPLC and NMR spectroscopy. The antioxidant activity on each set was determined by DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Complete metabolic profiling from two contrasting seasons identified one hundred and four major known and unknown metabolites. Also, two alkylated phenols, 2,4-di- tert-butyl phenol and 3-(3,5-di- tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid not reported earlier from this taxon were isolated from the vegetative part. Comparative analysis of seasonal metabolic profiles of leaves, young stems and gum-resin revealed significant variations in concentrations of several metabolites. Multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant qualitative and quantitative variations in the polar (glycine, quinic acid and myo-inositol) and non-polar metabolites (alkylated phenols, guggulsterones and α-tocopherol) between the two seasons. Variation amongst metabolites such as myo-inositol, quinic acid α- tocopherol and alkylated phenols that are important for nutraceutical industry in the two contrasting seasons is a useful finding. These metabolites are of medicinal and nutraceutical importance and are commonly used in nutraceuticals and dietary supplement industry. DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 values) of polar and non-polar extracts varied significantly between summer and winter seasons. The antioxidant activity can be attributed to major polar metabolite, quinic acid biosynthesized in excess during winter, and to non-polar metabolites like alkylated phenols and α-tocopherol present during the summer season. The study shall be useful for medicinal, nutraceutical and dietary supplement industry for selection of polar or non-polar extracts from a particular season for obtaining targeted products with optimized functionality.

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Metabolic profiling of Commiphora wightii (guggul) reveals a potential source for pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals

Cited by 58 publications

References 45 publications

Metabolic Value Chemoattractants Are Preferentially Recognized at Broad Ligand Range Chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas putida KT2440

Metabolic Value Chemoattractants Are Preferentially Recognized at Broad Ligand Range Chemoreceptor of Pseudomonas putida KT2440

The structural basis for signal promiscuity in a bacterial chemoreceptor

Metabolite Profiling of Commiphora wightii (Guggul) with Respect to Seasons

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