Metabolic profiling of Daphnia magna exposed to environmental stressors by GC–MS and chemometric tools

Chemometrics comparison of gas chromatography with mass spectrometry and comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry Daphnia magna metabolic profiles exposed to salinity

“…All experiments were performed using the characterized single clone F of D. magna maintained indefinitely as pure parthenogenetic cultures . Photoperiod was set to 16 h light: 8 h dark cycle and temperature at 20 ± 1°C.…”

“…The conditions of GC–MS were previously optimized by Garreta‐Lara et al. and are reported in supporting information.…”

“…All experiments were performed using the characterized single clone F of D. magna maintained indefinitely as pure parthenogenetic cultures [8,47]. Photoperiod was set to 16 h light: 8 h dark cycle and temperature at 20 ± 1 • C. Bulk cultures of 10 animals/L were maintained in American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) International hard water at high food ration levels (5 × 10 5 cells/mL of Chlorella vulgaris, respectively), as described in Barata and Baird [47].…”

“…A Trace GC-MS Thermo Scientific DSQ II system operated in electron ionization mode at 70 eV and equipped with a ZB-5MS column (Phenomenex, 30 m length × 0.25 mm id × 0.25 μm film thickness) was used. The conditions of GC-MS were previously optimized by Garreta-Lara et al [8] and are reported in supporting information.…”

“…To date, multiple analytical platforms have been used in metabolomics for metabolic profiling and/or fingerprinting. NMR spectroscopy [8][9][10], GC-MS [11][12][13][14][15], and LC-MS [11][12][13]16] are frequently used techniques in metabolomics among others [17][18][19][20][21][22]. Compositional analysis by GC-MS is one of the most common approaches in metabolomics.…”