Metabolic Rate Variation over Adult Lifetime in the Butterfly<i>Vanessa cardui</i>(Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae): Aging, Feeding, and Repeatability

Woods, William A.; Wood, Carole; Ebersole, John P.; Stevenson, R. D.

doi:10.1086/656216

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Elevated metabolic rate in young individuals may be a general phenomenon, as the pattern reported here bears a striking resemblance to the relationship between metabolic rate and age in D. melanogaster by Khazaeli et al (Khazaeli et al, 2005). The butterfly Vanessa cardui exhibits similarly elevated RMR at the very youngest age (Woods et al, 2010). In the Colorado potato beetle, RMR increases rapidly during the first days of the life of an adult individual and then begins to decrease (Piiroinen et al, 2010).…”

Section: Repeated Measurements Of Resting and Flight Metabolic Ratessupporting

confidence: 64%

“…RMR appears thus to be more prone to temporal variation than MR peak . In another nymphalid butterfly, Vanessa cardui, RMR has been shown to be a repeatable trait in starved individuals but not in fed individuals (Woods et al, 2010). Factors such as absorptive and nutritional status may have a great effect on RMR, especially in species that are short-lived and reproductively active throughout most of their adult life.…”

Section: Repeated Measurements Of Resting and Flight Metabolic Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Niitepõld

Hanski

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYHigh peak metabolic rates may provide a performance advantage, but it may also entail a physiological cost. A long-held assumption is that high mass-specific energy expenditure is associated with short lifespan. To examine the relationship between energy expenditure and lifespan we asked two questions. First, do individuals have a consistent rate of metabolism throughout their life? Second, is metabolic rate correlated with lifespan? We analysed the repeatability of measurements of resting (RMR) and peak flight metabolic rate (MR peak ) throughout the life of the Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia). Measurements of MR peak showed significant repeatability. Senescence occurred only shortly before death. RMR showed a U-shaped relationship with age and very low repeatability. Intraspecific association between metabolic rates and lifespan was tested under three conditions: in the laboratory, under field conditions and in a laboratory experiment with repeated flight treatments. There was a significant correlation between MR peak and lifespan in all three experiments, but the correlation was positive, not negative. RMR was not correlated with lifespan. Both MR peak and lifespan may reflect physiological condition and therefore be positively correlated. Individuals with a large resource pool may be able to invest in mechanisms that slow down ageing. Individuals with high metabolic capacity may also possess adaptations against ageing. Molecular polymorphism in the gene phosphoglucose isomerase (Pgi) was significantly associated with both MR peak and lifespan, and may have coevolved with defence mechanisms against senescence. Generalisations such as ʻlive fast, die youngʼ may be too simple to explain the complex processes affecting ageing and lifespan.Supplementary material available online at

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Section: Repeated Measurements Of Resting and Flight Metabolic Ratessupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Repeated Measurements Of Resting and Flight Metabolic Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Niitepõld

Hanski

2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…However, both shapes of the RMR-age relationship have been documented in other insects. An initially high RMR that subsequently decreases has been reported in D. melanogaster (Khazaeli et al 2005) and several butterflies (Zebe 1954;Woods et al 2010;Niitepõld and Hanski 2013). The convex-shaped relationship occurs, for example, in the Colorado potato beetle (Piiroinen et al 2010).…”

Section: Aging and Metabolic Ratementioning

confidence: 77%

“…The magnitude and duration of this effect probably depend on the amount and composition of the diet and the individual's feeding frequency. Woods et al (2010) reported that the CO 2 emission rate returned to prefeeding levels in 2 h, whereas several butterfly species studied by Zebe (1954) showed elevated metabolic rates until 16-24 h after feeding. However, the butterflies measured by Zebe consumed large volumes of sugar water, often corresponding to 75% of their body mass.…”

Section: Dr Did Not Affect Life Span But Decreased Body Mass Rmr Anmentioning

confidence: 98%

Aging, Life Span, and Energetics under Adult Dietary Restriction in Lepidoptera

Niitepõld

Pérez

Boggs³

2014

Physiological and Biochemical Zoology

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Stressful conditions can affect resource allocation among different life-history traits. The effect of dietary restriction (DR) on longevity and reproduction has been studied in many species, but we know little about its effects on energetics, especially in flying animals that have high energy demand. We assessed the effects of DR on metabolic rate throughout the entire adult life span in two butterfly species, Colias eurytheme and Speyeria mormonia. We cut the food intake of adult females in half and measured resting metabolic rate (RMR) and flight metabolic rate (FMR) together with body mass repeatedly throughout life. In both species, DR reduced body mass, but mass-corrected FMR was not affected, indicating that flight capacity was retained. DR lowered RMR and reduced fecundity but had no effect on life span. FMR declined with age, but the rate of senescence was not affected by DR. In contrast, aging had a strong negative effect on RMR only in control females, whereas food-restricted females had more stable RMR throughout their lives. The results suggest that flight capacity is conserved during nutritional stress but that investment in flight and survival may negatively affect other important physiological processes when resources are limited.

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“…Thus the model provides a framework to view the sex-specific behaviour of many butterfly species from estimated parameters such as the cost of search (widely available e.g. Lebeau et al, 2016b;Niitepõld & Boggs, 2015;Woods, Wood, Ebersole, & Stevenson, 2010), the effectiveness of search and the rate of resource diminishment. Some factors are not taken into account by the model, such as the effect of different tactics used by perching or lekking butterflies (Alcock, 1985;Brown & Alcock, 1990;Scott, 1974), which would strongly influence both the success and the cost of search (Dennis & Shreeve, 1988), although the model could be adapted through the appropriate parameterization.…”

Section: <H1>discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural modes in butterflies: their implications for movement and searching behaviour

et al. 2020

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Animals move in 'modes' where movement patterns relate to specific behaviours. Despite much work on the movement of butterflies, their behavioural modes are relatively unexplored. Here we analysed the behaviour of the model butterfly species the meadow brown, Maniola jurtina. We identified modes in both sexes and across habitats varying in resource density. We found that, in nectar-rich habitats, males had more diverse behaviour than females, engaging in a unique 'high-flight' mode associated with mate search, whereas females were primarily nectaring or inactive. In nectar-poor habitats, both sexes were similar, switching between flight and inactivity. We also identified the movement parameters of the modes, finding that, for both sexes, movements associated with nectaring were slower and more tortuous and, for males, the mode associated with mate searching was straighter and faster. Using an individual-based random-walk model, we investigated the effects of behaviour on movement predictions by comparing a mode-switching model with a version including intraspecific variation and another assuming homogeneity between individuals. For both sexes, including modes affected the mean and shape of the displacement rate compared to models assuming homogeneity, although for females modes increased displacement 1.5 times while for males they decreased it by a third. Both models also differed substantially from models assuming intraspecific variation. Finally, using a new model of search behaviour we investigated the general conditions under which individuals should engage in an exclusive search for host plants or receptive females. Parameterized for M. jurtina, the model predicted males should engage exclusively in mate search, but females only when searching is very efficient. The model provides a framework for analysing the searching behaviour of other butterfly species.

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Metabolic Rate Variation over Adult Lifetime in the ButterflyVanessa cardui(Nymphalidae: Nymphalinae): Aging, Feeding, and Repeatability

Cited by 11 publications

References 56 publications

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

A long life in the fast lane: positive association between peak metabolic rate and lifespan in a butterfly

Aging, Life Span, and Energetics under Adult Dietary Restriction in Lepidoptera

Behavioural modes in butterflies: their implications for movement and searching behaviour

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