Metabolic response of yellow mealworm larvae to two alternative rearing substrates

Melis, Riccardo; Braca, Angela; Sanna, Roberta; Spada, Simona; Mulas, Gilberto; Fadda, Maria Leonarda; Sassu, M.; Serra, G.; Anedda, Roberto

doi:10.1007/s11306-019-1578-2

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The current study confirmed the larval fitness and growth response when grown on pure wheat bran 20 . The estimated FCR for the Zn basal group (value 5.1) is almost identical to the one published by Melis et al 2019 for wheat bran-fed mealworm larvae 32 , confirming the potency of this species to convert the bran feed into body weight of appropriate proximate composition 20,32 . However, dietary efficiency seems to be related to the micronutrient composition of the diet, as biomass output decreased with elevated Zn feeding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Dietary zinc enrichment reduces the cadmium burden of mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae

Keil

Maares

Kröncke

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The industrial production of Tenebrio molitor L. requires optimized rearing and processing conditions to generate insect biomass with high nutritional value in large quantities. One of the problems arising from processing is a tremendous loss in mineral accessibility, affecting, amongst others, the essential trace element Zn. As a feasible strategy this study investigates Zn-enrichment of mealworms during rearing to meet the nutritional requirements for humans and animals. Following feeding ZnSO4-spiked wheat bran substrates late instar mealworm larvae were evaluated for essential micronutrients and human/animal toxic elements. In addition, growth rate and viability were assessed to select optimal conditions for future mass-rearing. Zn-feeding dose-dependently raised the total Zn content, yet the Znlarvae/Znwheat bran ratio decreased inversely related to its concentration, indicating an active Zn homeostasis within the mealworms. The Cu status remained stable, suggesting that, in contrast to mammals, the intestinal Cu absorption in mealworm larvae is not affected by Zn. Zn biofortification led to a moderate Fe and Mn reduction in mealworms, a problem that certainly can be overcome by Fe/Mn co-supplementation during rearing. Most importantly, Zn feeding massively reduced the levels of the human/animal toxicant Cd within the mealworm larvae, a technological novelty of outstanding importance to be implemented in the future production process to ensure the consumer safety of this edible insect species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Dietary zinc enrichment reduces the cadmium burden of mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae

Keil

Maares

Kröncke

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Insects can synthetize lipids out of different dietary components such as protein and carbohydrates [43,44]. Mealworm larvae have been reared with success on a variety of feeding substrates with a fat range from 4% to 29% and a moisture up to 22% [9,10,14,45]. In our experiment, mealworm larvae performed better in feeds (S2, S3) having more than 50% carbohydrates, more than 15% proteins and a fat range from 5.73% to 6.18% (Table 1).…”

Section: Nutritional Quality and Growth Performance Of Mealworm Larvaementioning

confidence: 84%

Addition of Olive Pomace to Feeding Substrate Affects Growth Performance and Nutritional Value of Mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor L.) Larvae

Ruschioni

Loreto

Foligni

et al. 2020

Foods

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The well-recognized efficiency of Tenebrio molitor larvae to convert low quality organic matter into a nutritionally valuable biomass was exploited to manage solid wastes coming from the olive oil industry, which represent a severe environmental challenge in the Mediterranean area. Three organic pomace-enriched substrates (mixtures middlings/pomace 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3) were assessed, together with 100% organic wheat flour and 100% organic middlings as control feeds. A feeding substrate made up of 25% olive pomace and 75% wheat middlings appeared to be the best compromise between growth performance (larval and pupal weights, survival rate, development time) and nutritional properties of mealworm larvae. In fact, larvae fed the 3:1 feed showed the highest dry matter (DM) yield (38.05%), protein content (47.58% DM), and essential/non-essential amino acids ratio (1.16). Fat content (32.14% DM) and fatty acid composition were not significantly different than those of larvae fed more pomace-enriched feeds.

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“…Data on the digestive parameters and fecal microbial composition of dogs have also suggested that BSG can be used as a source of fiber in the canine diet (Eisenhauer et al 2019). Also, recently, BSG was used as a substrate to rear different insects, such as the black soldier fly larva (Hermetia illucens) and mealworm larva (Tenebrio molitor) (Mancini et al 2019;Melis et al 2019;Shumo et al 2019). These studies have confirmed that it is possible to take advantage of BSG to produce a nutrient-rich feed derived from the black soldier fly larva (Mancini et al 2019;Melis et al 2019;Shumo et al 2019).…”

Section: Brewers' Spent Grain In Human and Animal Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, recently, BSG was used as a substrate to rear different insects, such as the black soldier fly larva (Hermetia illucens) and mealworm larva (Tenebrio molitor) (Mancini et al 2019;Melis et al 2019;Shumo et al 2019). These studies have confirmed that it is possible to take advantage of BSG to produce a nutrient-rich feed derived from the black soldier fly larva (Mancini et al 2019;Melis et al 2019;Shumo et al 2019). Microbiological analyses of the larvae reared on the different substrates indicated that BSG administration resulted in decreases in Staphylococci, yeast, and mold, and the absence of bacterial endospores (Mancini et al 2019).…”

Section: Brewers' Spent Grain In Human and Animal Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of microorganisms on biotransformation of brewers’ spent grain

Bianco

Budroni

Zara

et al. 2020

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) is the most abundant by-product of brewing. Due to its microbiological instability and high perishability, fresh BSG is currently disposed of as low-cost cattle feed. However, BSG is an appealing source of nutrients to obtain products with high added value through microbial-based transformation. As such, BSG could become a potential source of income for the brewery itself. While recent studies have covered the relevance of BSG chemical composition in detail, this review aims to underline the importance of microorganisms from the stabilization/contamination of fresh BSG to its biotechnological exploitation. Indeed, the evaluation of BSG-associated microorganisms, which include yeast, fungi, and bacteria, can allow their safe use and the best methods for their exploitation. This bibliographical examination is particularly focused on the role of microorganisms in BSG exploitation to (1) produce enzymes and metabolites of industrial interest, (2) supplement human and animal diets, and (3) improve soil fertility. Emerging safety issues in the use of BSG as a food and feed additive is also considered, particularly considering the presence of mycotoxins. Key points • Microorganisms are used to enhance brewers’ spent grain nutritional value. • Knowledge of brewers’ spent grain microbiota allows the reduction of health risks.

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Metabolic response of yellow mealworm larvae to two alternative rearing substrates

Cited by 41 publications

References 45 publications

Dietary zinc enrichment reduces the cadmium burden of mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae

Dietary zinc enrichment reduces the cadmium burden of mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae

Addition of Olive Pomace to Feeding Substrate Affects Growth Performance and Nutritional Value of Mealworm (Tenebrio Molitor L.) Larvae

The role of microorganisms on biotransformation of brewers’ spent grain

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