Metabolic responses in endurance horses during racing in relation to uric acid profile, leucocytes, heart rate and plasma biochemical parameters

Adamu, Lawan; Adzahan, Noraniza Mohd; Rasedee, Ahmad Fadly Nurullah; Ahmad, Bashir

doi:10.17221/6466-vetmed

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In this study, the increased values of musculoskeletal parameters CK, LDH and AST recorded after the races is consistent with the results of previous research in horses trained for endurance racing [4,6,10,24]. In the present study, the increased concentrations of CK, LDH and AST were signifi cantly higher at 80 km compared to 40 km races.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in biochemical parameters in horses during 40 km and 80 km endurance races

et al. 2019

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During intensive physical activity horses are exposed to thermolysis, electrolyte loss and rising amounts of catabolic products, which results in alterations of biochemical blood parameters due to the horse’s adaptation to metabolic stress. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of intensive physical activity on serum biochemical parameters in horses competing in 40 and 80 km endurance races. Blood samples were taken from 28 horses before and after the race over four competitions, with a total of 53 samples analyzed. Biochemical parameters studied included creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, gamma-glutamyl transferase, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. The extent of change in pre- and post-race values was compared between categories of age, gender, breed, distance and average speed of horses. Creatine kinase and blood glucose values prior to the race were higher than the reference values. Values of renal parameters and parameters of muscle damage increased after the races, and the degree of change was more pronounced at longer racing lengths, as well as at lower average speed. Electrolyte loss was more prominent during longer races. This study demonstrated that endurance races cause evident changes in serum electrolyte concentrations, renal parameters and markers of muscle damage in horses. These changes are observable in horses at both short and long duration endurance races.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in biochemical parameters in horses during 40 km and 80 km endurance races

et al. 2019

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“…Średnia aktywności aminotransferazy asparaginianowej po wysiłku była o 17,0% wyższa od średniej aktywności tego enzymu przed wysiłkiem, jednak nie przekroczyła zakresu referencyjnego dla tego parametru u koni (zakres referencyjny: 222-489 U/l*). Powyższe obserwacje potwierdzają wyniki badań innych autorów, którzy również stwierdzili istotny statystycznie wzrost aktywności aminotransferazy asparaginianowej u koni po wysiłku fizycznym, który był wyższy od aktywności AST przed wysiłkiem o 18,0% -45,3% (2,8,15,23,27,31,41). Natomiast badania przeprowadzone przez Kendzierski i wsp.…”

Section: Wyniki I Omówienieunclassified

Usefulness of determining some markers of myocardial damage in sports horses subjected to physical exertion

MAKSYMOVYCH¹,

SLIVINSKA²,

Kubiak³

et al. 2023

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of determining markers of myocardial damage, such as: aspartate aminotransferase, total creatine kinase, cardiac creatine kinase isoenzyme, total lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme and peripheral blood lactic acid in sport horses subjected to physical exertion. The research was carried out on 50 horses of three breeds: Ukrainian Riding, Hanoverian and Westphalian, aged 4-16 years. In all horses, the activity of: aspartate aminotransferase, total creatine kinase, cardiac creatine kinase isoenzyme, total lactate dehydrogenase, cardiac isoenzyme lactate dehydrogenase and lactic acid concentration were marked before and after exercise. It was found that after physical exercise in the tested horses, there was an increase in markers of myocardial damage. On the basis of the conducted research, it was demonstrated that the highest increase concerned the concentration of lactic acid and the activity of the cardiac isoenzyme of creatine kinase. The conducted studies additionally indicate that the evaluation markers of myocardial damage in horses may be useful as a screening test in detecting cardiac muscle disorders associated with excessive exercise. However, it should be emphasized that it must be considered together with the results of a clinical examination and additional tests such as cardiac ultrasound and electrocardiography.

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“…Збільшення концентрації лактату під час довгот-ривалого навантаження коней може спричинити пош-кодження м'язів, в тому числі кардіоміоцитів (Hudson et al, 2008), а вміст молочної кислоти > 4 ммоль/л вказує на непридатність тварини для використання в навчальних програмах (Adamu et al, 2012).…”

Section: вступunclassified

Cardiac enzymes activity and lactate concentration in the blood of sport horses at myocardial dystrophy

Slivinska

Maksymovych

Tkachenko³

et al. 2018

SMLNUVMB

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The article presents the results of research on the activity of cardiac specific enzymes and the concentration of lactate in the blood of sport horses for myocardial dystrophy of physical activity. Materials for researches were horses, used in the classical forms of equestrian sport of Ukrainian riding (n = 20), Hanoverian (n = 15) and Westphalian (n = 15) breeds. The average age of horses was 8.4 ± 0.71 years (3.5–16.0 g.), weight – 479.4 ± 8.54 kg (350–605 kg). Studies were conducted immediately before and immediately after exercise. The duration of regular training of average intensity was 1 hour: step 5 min; roaring lynx 10 minutes; step 5 min; training lynx 10 minutes; step 10 min; gallop with a transition to a step of 10 minutes; step 10 min. Blood samples from horses were taken from a jugular vein in a test tube without an anticoagulant (10 ml; Vacutest, Italy) and an anticoagulant (EDTA-K, 2.0 ml; Sarstedt, Germany). Diseases of the heart muscle are accompanied by the release of substances released from damaged cardiomyocytes, in particular, creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myoglobin. It has been established that the key to the pathogenesis of myocardial dystrophy in sport horses is the discrepancy between costs and energy recovery in the functioning structures of the heart muscle due to excessive cardiac load and significant increase in energy costs, as well as a disturbance in the balance of the electrolytes. Hyperlactatemia that occurs in horses during exercise causes changes in the permeability of cardiomyocytes and exit enzymes in the blood and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of myocardial dystrophy. Іn sporting horses, after activity in blood serum, activity of AST and LDH increases in blood serum, a tendency to increase activity of creatine kinase (CК) is observed. The cardiac isoenzyme CK (CK‒MB) was detected by a specific marker of myocardial dystrophy in sport horses, since its activity was likely to increase in the blood of all experimental groups of animals. A less specific marker of myocardial damage was the activity of hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (LDH‒1) in the blood, since the probable difference was established only in the Westphalian horses. Investigating the activity of AST, CK and CK-MB in horses can serve for differential diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis syndrome and damage to heart muscle cells, in particular for myocardial dystrophy.

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Metabolic responses in endurance horses during racing in relation to uric acid profile, leucocytes, heart rate and plasma biochemical parameters

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

Changes in biochemical parameters in horses during 40 km and 80 km endurance races

Changes in biochemical parameters in horses during 40 km and 80 km endurance races

Usefulness of determining some markers of myocardial damage in sports horses subjected to physical exertion

Cardiac enzymes activity and lactate concentration in the blood of sport horses at myocardial dystrophy

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