Metabolic Risk Factors Are Associated With Stiffness Index, Reflection Index and Finger Skin Temperature in Children

Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and adiposity with arterial stiffness in children

“…We also observed a relationship between adiposity and decreased arterial tone at rest. These results are consistent with our recent finding that waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk were inversely associated with arterial tone among children (Veijalainen et al., ). One explanation for these observations may be that overweight individuals are more likely to maintain balanced thermodynamics by peripheral artery dilation than those with a normal body weight (DeGroot et al., ).…”

“…Stiffness index (SI) and reflection index (RI) were assessed by PCA based on noninvasive photoplethysmography using the PulseTrace PCA2 ® device (Micro Medical, Gillingham, Kent, UK), as described in more detail earlier (Veijalainen et al., , ). SI and RI were assessed in a supine position before and after a maximal exercise test in an exercise test laboratory at a stable room temperature (20–22 °C).…”

“…Venous blood samples for the measurement of fasting serum insulin and fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were taken after 12‐h overnight fasting (Viitasalo et al., ). The cardiometabolic risk score was computed using the z ‐scores of the main components of the metabolic syndrome as follows: waist circumference + insulin + glucose + triglycerides − HDL cholesterol + average of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (Veijalainen et al., ). The number of meals and snacks per day, food consumption, total energy intake, and nutrient intakes as percentages of total energy intake were assessed using food records on four consecutive days that included two weekdays and two weekend days (Eloranta et al., ).…”

Poor Oral Health, That Is, Decreased Frequency of Tooth Brushing, Is Associated With Endothelial Dysfunction

“…It is thought that lifestyle modifications, including physical activity and diet status, impair endothelial function, leading to cardiovascular outcomes. [33][34][35][36] Unfortunately, in the present study, we did not obtain data on exercise status and diet. We cannot deny the possibility that differences in frequency of exercise and/or dietary fish intake affect the differences in FMD between patients with more and less frequent tooth brushing.…”

New indices of arterial stiffness measured from longitudinal motion of common carotid artery in relation to reference methods, a pilot study

“…Arterial stiffening starts already during childhood (Veijalainen et al, 2013) and continues throughout the vascular ageing process (Koskinen et al, 2012). Different lifestyles and various diseases, for example atherosclerosis, cause a more aggressive progression of the stiffening pathology (Juonala et al, 2010).…”