Metabolic Risk Markers in Insulin Resistance and Non-Insulin Resistance Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common metabolic disorder and its pathogenesis is characterized by a combination of peripheral insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretary capacity of pancreatic β cell. Over the years, there has been increasing deaths from T2DM. In Myanmar, there is little information on its causes, due to few published data on the prevalence of MS and its association with T2DM. This study aims at identifying the metabolic risk markers leading to MS in T2DM, as well as the impact of MS on the insulin resistance.Methods: Hundred T2DM patients were recruited from Diabetic Clinic, Yangon General Hospital. The clinical evaluation consisted of waist circumference, blood pressure, height and weight measurements; the biochemical analysis included determination of fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin and fasting lipid profile. Plasma glucose level was determined by the glucose oxidase method and fasting serum insulin was measured by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) kit method. Insulin resistance (HOMA IR) was calculated using formula by Matthews et al in 1985. Metabolic syndrome was defined as International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Results:In the present study, MS was not significantly associated with insulin resistance (84.72% in the insulin resistance group vs 75% in the non-insulin resistance group). There were no significant differences in metabolic risk markers between the insulin resistance and non-insulin resistance groups. Present study showed 80% of insulin resistance male patients and 85% of insulin resistance female patients had MS, and also 83% of non-insulin resistance male patients and that of female patients had 64% of MS, respectively. There was no significant association between each group. Conclusion:Metabolic syndrome was found in 83 patients in the present study, and of which 61 patients were found to show insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome was not significantly associated with presence or absence of insulin resistance.