Metabolic status is related to the effects of adding of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) oil on postprandial inflammation and lipid profile: Randomized, crossover clinical trial

Abstract

Sacha inchi oil (SIO) is an attractive source of polyunsaturated acids oil. A randomized crossover clinical trial was done to evaluate SIO effects on postprandial lipids and inflammatory state caused by a high‐fat intake. Twenty metabolically healthy (MH) and 22 metabolically unhealthy (MU) subjects consumed a high‐fat breakfast alone or supplemented with SIO. The biomarkers were measured in serum upon fasting, and after 1 and 4 hrs after breakfast. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression was determined in mononuclear cells. In the MH group, SIO reversed the cholesterol increase [iAUCHFM: 0.27 mmol/L/4 h (IQR: −0.07/0.81); iAUCHFM+S: −0.18 mmol/L/4 h (IQR: −0.49/0.31) p = 0.037] and decreased interleukin‐6 concentration. In MU group, SIO attenuated lipopolysaccharides increase and interleukin‐6 expression [(FCHFM = −1.19 (IQR: −1.72/1.93) and FCHFM+S = −1.83 (IQR: −4,82/−0.01), p = 0.017]. The effects of a high‐fat meal on postprandial lipids and inflammation could be modified by the addition of SIO, but the outcomes are depending on the metabolic individual status. Practical applications The seeds of Plukenetia volubilis L., also known as Sacha inchi, Sacha peanut or Inca peanut are an attractive vegetable source of oil which includes a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, the intake of Sacha inchi oil could improve the postprandial responses of a high‐fat intake, and could be able to help to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Our results contribute to know the effects of this oil on postprandial inflammation and lipids. In addition, establishing how a person’s basal metabolic status can determinate the metabolic response to this oil can help improve its use, and our results add evidence about the role of nutrition and diet in health and disease. At this time, the cultivation of Sacha inchi is being proposed as an agro‐industrial alternative for the improvement of quality of living in Colombian rural areas.

Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia Volubilis L.): recent insight on phytochemistry, pharmacology, organoleptic, safety and toxicity perspectives

“…Results depicted that supplementation of SIO improved liver function, as indicated by reductions of cholesterol levels and TG, and an elevation of HDL-C level. By using an organoleptic study design, Alayón et al. (2019) demonstrated the positive effect of applying SIO into a high-fat meal diet in 20 metabolically healthy individuals.…”

El agregado de aceite de Sacha inchi disminuye la relación granulocitos/linfocitos postprandial producida por una comida rica en grasas, en adultos saludables

“…(IL6 IAG: r= -0,37, p= 0,015; IL6IAG+S: -0,35, p= 0,024). Según análisis de resultados previamente publicados 12 , se pudo establecer que esta correlación solo se evidencio en aquellos participantes que presentaban mejor estado metabólico (IL6 IAG: r= -0,67, p= 0,001; IL6IAG+S: -0,61, p= 0,004). No se halló correlación con PCR-as.…”

“…En una publicación anterior 12 nuestro grupo reportó la disminución en la concentración de IL6 tras la ingesta del aceite en aquellos participantes que presentaban mejor salud metabólica. De manera similar, el análisis de los resultados del presente trabajo mostró correlación negativa entre el índice granulocitos/linfocitos y la concentración de IL6 a las 4 horas en este mismo subgrupo, lo que podría estar indicando un nexo entre ambos eventos, y la existencia de respuestas diferentes según el estado metabólico previo.…”

“…Alimentos como el aceite extraído de semillas de Sacha inchi de distinta procedencia han mostrado consistentemente tener elevados niveles de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados, especialmente de las series omega 3 y 6 (42-48% de ácidos alfa-linolenico y 32-37% de ácido linoleico), y cerca de 12% de monoinsaturados, así como cantidades considerables de fitosteroles, tocoferoles y compuestos fenólicos 9,10 . Su ingesta ha mostrado ser útil para el mejoramiento de los perfiles lipídicos en personas con hipercolesterolemia 11 y su uso como complemento alimenticio se ha relacionado con cambios en variables inflamatorias 12 .…”

Selected Seeds as Sources of Bioactive Compounds with Diverse Biological Activities

“…In a clinical trial that aimed to determine the effect of sacha inchi seed oil on postprandial lipid profile, healthy subjects consuming high-fat meals with the addition of seed oil (15 mL/day) had lower serum levels of total cholesterol than subjects that consumed high-fat meals without oil supplementation. The levels of triglycerides and HDL-C remained unaffected [ 199 ]. In another clinical trial, the concentration of serum total cholesterol and LDL-C decreased as well.…”