Metabolic studies on perinatal human brain

Himwich, Williamina A.; Benaron, Harry B.W.; Tucker, Beatrice E.; Babuna, C; Stripe, Margaret C.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1959.14.6.873

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…We identified several studies of human subjects dating back to 1953 that obtained quantitative measurements of whole brain or cerebral glucose and oxygen consumption during various stages of life, including premature neonates, growing normal children, young adults, and the elderly (Altman et al, 1993; Burns and Tyrrell, 1992; Chugani et al, 1987; Frewen et al, 1991; Himwich et al, 1959; Kennedy and Sokoloff, 1957; Kinnala et al, 1996; Kuhl et al, 1982; Leenders et al, 1990; Pantano et al, 1984; Perlmutter et al, 1987; Petit-Taboue et al, 1998; Scheinberg et al, 1953; Takahashi et al, 1999; Yoxall and Weindling, 1998). We combined the reported values of whole brain or cerebral glucose and oxygen consumption from these studies to create a summary representation of these metabolic variables as a function of age across the human lifespan (Table S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Glycolysis in the Human Brain Is Associated with Development and Neotenous Gene Expression

et al. 2014

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SUMMARY Aerobic glycolysis (AG), i.e., non-oxidative metabolism of glucose despite the presence of abundant oxygen, accounts for 10–12% of glucose used by the adult human brain. AG varies regionally in the resting state. Brain AG may support synaptic growth and remodeling; however, data supporting this hypothesis are sparse. Here, we report on investigations on the role of AG in the human brain. Meta-analysis of prior brain glucose and oxygen metabolism studies demonstrates that AG increases during childhood, precisely when synaptic growth rates are highest. In resting adult humans, AG correlates with persistence of gene expression typical of infancy (transcriptional neoteny). In brain regions with the highest AG, we find increased gene expression related to synapse formation and growth. In contrast, regions high in oxidative glucose metabolism express genes related to mitochondria and synaptic transmission. Our results suggest that brain AG supports developmental processes, particularly those required for synapse formation and growth.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Glycolysis in the Human Brain Is Associated with Development and Neotenous Gene Expression

et al. 2014

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“…During the last half of pregnancy, the developing brain rapidly increases in weight, surface area, volume, number of gyri and sulci, complexity of the cytoarchitecture, myelinization and activity of enzymes involved in neural transmission (see Himwich et al 1960, Richter 1961, Sperry 1962, Davison and Dobbing 1966, Larroche 1966, Robinson and Tizard 1966, Gruenwald 1968, Joppich and Schulte 1968). The brain weight was noted to be less affected than the weight of the heart, liver and thymus in intra-uterine growth retardation (Gruenwald 1963(Gruenwald , 1968, and was better correlated with PM age than with birthweight (Larroche 1962(Larroche , 1966.…”

Section: Developmental Neurologic Estimates: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Estimation of the Postmenstrual Age: a Comprehensive Review

Casaer

Akiyama

1970

Develop Med Child Neuro

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SUMMARY Both the age of the infant and the birthweight in relation to age are relevant factors in studying prenatal and neonatal physiology and in evaluating immediate and future clinical risks to the fetus and the newborn. Since the true age of the infant (the time‐span from conception) is not available, the first day of the last menstrual period is commonly used as the time reference. In many cases, however, there is doubt as to the accuracy of this reference day, necessitating other criteria to indicate the duration of fetal development or of the postmenstrual age of the newborn. The authors discuss the use of pre‐ and postnatal evaluations of the developmental changes in various organ systems‐by physical measurement, observation, physiological registrations and biochemical analysis ‐ for the estimation of the postmenstrual age. They use the following criteria: Does the observable phenomenon change suddenly from absent to present at a particular postmenstrual age? Does the phenomenon remain unaltered in sick children? Is the method relatively easy and reliable? Is the technique without risk for the fetus, the mother and the newborn? At present, a combination of parameters, serially measured, on the developing nervous system and the developmental changes of the skin seem to be most helpful in pre‐ and postnatal life, and the authors report that the optimal accuracy obtainable so far still has a range of plus or minus 2–3 weeks. The reasons for this wide range are discussed. RÉSUMÉ Estimation de & lcar;âge post‐menstruel: vue d'ensemble L'âge de l'enfant et le poids de naissance en fonction de l'âge sont tout deux des facteurs importants dans l'étude de la physiologie prénatale et néo‐natale, dans l'évaluation clinique des risques immédiats et futurs du foetus et du nouveau‐né. Puisque l'âge vrai de l'enfant (durée depuis la conception) ne peut être connu, le premier jour des derniéres régies est pris généralement comme référence. Dans de nombreux cas cependant, on peut douter de la précision de cette référence et d'autres critéres sont néces‐saires pour indiquer la durée du développement foetal ou l'âge post‐menstruel du nouveau‐né. Les auteurs discutent l'emploi de mesures pré et post‐natales de modifications lieés au développement au niveau de certains organes pour la détermination de l'âge post‐menstruel (par mesure physique, observations, enregistrement physiologique et analyse biochimique). lis utilisent les critéres suivants: Le phénoméne observé“passe‐t‐il de l'absence à la présence brusquement à un âge post‐menstruel particulier? Ce phénoméne persiste‐t‐il chez les enfants malades? La méthode est‐elle suffisamment facile et fidéle? La technique est‐elle sans risque pour le foetus, la mére et le nouveau‐né? A l'heure actuelle, une combinaison de paramétres, déterminés sur des séries, au niveau du développement du systéme nerveux et des modifications progressives de la peau semble être la plus utile durant la vie pré ou post‐natale; les auteurs précisent que la précision optimale atteinte jusqu'a ce jour ...

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“…The grey matter abnorm aliti es can be explained pathophysiologicall y a.o. by th e studies of Himwich et al (7). Th ese studies dernonstratcd th e susceptibility of cortical tissu e to oxygen dep rivation and ha ve been confirmed by post mort ern studi es (5.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Neuro-lmaging of Cerebral Visual Disturbances in Children

Nieuwenhuizen¹,

Willemse²

1988

Neuropediatrics

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The present study comprises the neuroradiological examination (computertomography++, magnetic resonance imaging) of 26 children--9 of them were premature, 16 were full-term and in one patient, no details of the pregnancy were known--all suffering from: a) visual disturbance, not caused by ocular disease or afflictions of the optic nerve b) infantile encephalopathy The examination revealed characteristic lesions of the retrochiasmatic part of the visual system. These consisted of white matter abnormalities located periventricularly and just below the striate area, and of grey matter abnormalities of the striate cortex. The demonstration of these abnormalities may advance the diagnosis of the visual handicap and may facilitate early adjustment of developmental stimulation.

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Metabolic studies on perinatal human brain

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Aerobic Glycolysis in the Human Brain Is Associated with Development and Neotenous Gene Expression

Aerobic Glycolysis in the Human Brain Is Associated with Development and Neotenous Gene Expression

The Estimation of the Postmenstrual Age: a Comprehensive Review

Neuro-lmaging of Cerebral Visual Disturbances in Children

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