Metabolic Syndrome and Mammographic Density in Mexican Women

Rice, Megan S.; Biessy, Carine; Lajous, Martín; Bertrand, Kimberly A.; Tamimi, Rulla M.; Torres-Mejı́a, Gabriela; López‐Ridaura, Ruy; Romieu, Isabelle

doi:10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0475

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two prior studies have used similar methodology for assessing the metabolic syndrome and mammographic density [22, 23]. One study, conducted in a cohort of predominantly Caucasian and Asian pre- and early perimenopausal women with a low prevalence of the MetS (15%), reported no associations between the MetS and mammographic density in cross-sectional analysis as well as in analysis involving longitudinal changes in mammographic density [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolic syndrome and mammographic breast density in a racially diverse and predominantly immigrant sample of women

Tehranifar

Protacio

Schmitt

et al. 2015

Cancer Causes Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The metabolic syndrome (MetS, clustering of elevated blood pressure, triglycerides and glucose, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), abdominal obesity) has been associated with increased breast cancer risk, but less is known about its association with mammographic breast density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Methods We collected data on risk factors, body size and blood pressure via in-person interviews and examinations, and measured glucose, triglycerides, and HDL-C from dried blood spots from women recruited through a mammography screening clinic (n=373; 68% Hispanic, 17% African American; 63% foreign born). We performed linear regression models to examine the associations of each MetS component and the MetS cluster (≥ 3 components) with percent density and dense breast area, measured using a computer-assisted technique and Cumulus software. Results About 45% of women had the MetS, with the prevalence of the individual components ranging from 68% for abdominal obesity to 33% for elevated triglycerides. The prevalence of the MetS increased with higher body mass index (BMI) and postmenopausal status, but did not vary substantially by ethnicity, immigrant generational status, parity, age at menarche or alcohol consumption. Low HDL-C (< 50 mg/dL), but not the MetS cluster or the other MetS components, was associated with larger dense breast area after adjusting for age, BMI, fasting time, and educational attainment (β=8.77, 95% CI=2.39, 15.14). The MetS and its individual components were not associated with BMI-adjusted percent density. Conclusions HDL-C alone may have an influence on dense breast tissue that is independent of BMI, and may be in the same direction as its association with breast cancer risk.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The metabolic syndrome and mammographic breast density in a racially diverse and predominantly immigrant sample of women

Tehranifar

Protacio

Schmitt

et al. 2015

Cancer Causes Control

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent observations linking obesity (37,39), elevated cholesterol levels (3), low HDL-C (1, 29), and cholesterol metabolites (8) to breast cancer have provided new insights, but the association between HDL-C and mammographic density has been divergent (11,26,27,40). Our findings of an association between HDL-C and mammographic density are supported by others (26), but few studies have reported on the association between hormones and mammographic density stratified by HDL-C levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, different metabolic traits like BMI and HDL during premenopausal years are possible risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer, and may also be indicators of later breast cancer risk (49) through biomarkers such as mammographic density (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High levels of the cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol were observed to increase estrogen-dependent breast cancer proliferation (8,9). Interestingly, mammographic density, a strong predictor of breast cancer development, is positively correlated with the number of epithelial cells (10), and mammographic density was recently linked to metabolic syndrome (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the basis of recent observations (11,25,29) and biologic mechanisms hypothesized (1, 7,30), the main aim of this exploratory hypothesis generating study was to explore whether differences in HDL-C, alone or in combination with cyclic estrogen and progesterone, assessed both in serum and in saliva, were associated with mammographic density phenotypes among premenopausal women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

Flote

Frydenberg

Ursin

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) may influence the proliferation of breast tumor cells, but it is unclear whether low HDL-C levels, alone or in combination with cyclic estrogen and progesterone, are associated with mammographic density, a strong predictor of breast cancer development. Fasting morning serum concentrations of HDL-C were assessed in 202 premenopausal women, 25 to 35 years of age, participating in the Norwegian Energy Balance and Breast Cancer Aspects (EBBA) I study. Estrogen and progesterone were measured both in serum, and daily in saliva, throughout an entire menstrual cycle. Absolute and percent mammographic density was assessed by a computer-assisted method (Madena), from digitized mammograms (days 7-12). Multivariable models were used to study the associations between HDL-C, estrogen and progesterone, and mammographic density phenotypes. We observed a positive association between HDL-C and percent mammographic density after adjustments (P ¼ 0.030). When combining HDL-C, estradiol, and progesterone, we observed among women with low HDL-C (<1.39 mmol/L), a linear association between salivary 17b-estradiol, progesterone, and percent and absolute mammographic density. Furthermore, in women with low HDL-C, each one SD increase of salivary mid-menstrual 17b-estradiol was associated with an OR of 4.12 (95% confidence intervals; CI, 1.30-13.0) of having abovemedian percent (28.5%), and an OR of 2.5 (95% CI, 1.13-5.50) of having above-median absolute mammographic density (32.4 cm 2 ). On the basis of plausible biologic mechanisms linking HDL-C to breast cancer development, our findings suggest a role of HDL-C, alone or in combination with estrogen, in breast cancer development. However, our small hypothesis generating study requires confirmation in larger studies.Cancer Prev Res; 8(6); 535-44. Ó2015 AACR.

show abstract

Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and mammographic density in pre- and postmenopausal women

Kim

Chang

Ahn

et al. 2015

Breast Cancer Res Treat

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Little is known about the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or insulin resistance (IR) with mammographic density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. The goal of this study was to evaluate these associations in pre- and postmenopausal women. A cross-sectional study was performed in 73,974 adult women who underwent a comprehensive health screening examination that included a mammogram between 2011 and 2013 (mean age 42.6 years). MetS was defined according to the modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. IR was assessed with the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dense breast were estimated using logistic regression models after adjustment for potential confounders. In premenopausal women, MetS and all its components except waist circumference were associated with dense breast. After adjustment for potential confounders, the OR (95% CI) for dense breast in women with MetS compared with those without MetS was 1.22 (1.06-1.39). In postmenopausal women, however, there was positive but non-significant association between MetS and dense breast. In both pre- and postmenopausal women, high blood glucose and IR were positively associated with dense breast. The OR (95% CI) for dense breast between the highest and lowest quartiles of HOMA-IR was 1.29 (1.20-1.39) for premenopausal women and 1.44 (1.05-1.97) for postmenopausal women. In a large sample of Korean women, MetS and IR were associated with mammographic dense breast, demonstrating that IR, a potentially modifiable risk factor, may increase breast cancer risk, possibly through high mammographic density.

show abstract

Metabolic Syndrome and Mammographic Density in Mexican Women

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

The metabolic syndrome and mammographic breast density in a racially diverse and predominantly immigrant sample of women

The metabolic syndrome and mammographic breast density in a racially diverse and predominantly immigrant sample of women

High-Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Daily Estradiol and Progesterone, and Mammographic Density Phenotypes in Premenopausal Women

Metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and mammographic density in pre- and postmenopausal women

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About