Metabolic syndrome: risk factors, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management with natural approaches

Mohamed, Salma M; Shalaby, Mohamed A.; El-Shiekh, Riham A.; El-Banna, Hossni A.; Emam, Shimaa R.; Bakr, Alaa F.

doi:10.1016/j.focha.2023.100335

Cited by 72 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Assuming that there is a vicious cycle among the three mentioned conditions, MP with antioxidant potential will likely show an improvement in common metabolic conditions. Given the antioxidant effect of plants from the Cerrado biome, as described by several studies already mentioned using extracts rich in compounds with phenolic structure, many of them also have antidiabetic effects [149]. Table 3 summarizes the data found for plants showing their action on the regulation of oxidative stress, T2D and glycation.…”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes Oxidative Stress and Glycationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome

Monteiro-Alfredo,

Macedo,

de Picoli Souza

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Brazil has several important biomes holding impressive fauna and flora biodiversity. Cerrado being one of the richest ones and a significant area in the search for new plant-based products, such as foods, cosmetics, and medicines. The therapeutic potential of Cerrado plants has been described by several studies associating ethnopharmacological knowledge with phytochemical compounds and therapeutic effects. Based on this wide range of options, the Brazilian population has been using these medicinal plants (MP) for centuries for the treatment of various health conditions. Among these, we highlight metabolic diseases, namely obesity and its metabolic alterations from metabolic syndrome to later stages such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several studies have shown that adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction leads to proinflammatory cytokine secretion and impaired free fatty acid (FFA) oxidation and oxidative status, creating the basis for insulin resistance and glucose dysmetabolism. In this scenario, the great Brazilian biodiversity and a wide variety of phytochemical compounds make it an important candidate for the identification of pharmacological strategies for the treatment of these conditions. This review aimed to analyze and summarize the current literature on plants from the Brazilian Cerrado that have therapeutic activity against obesity and its metabolic conditions, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Section: Type 2 Diabetes Oxidative Stress and Glycationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome

Monteiro-Alfredo,

Macedo,

de Picoli Souza

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The increase is particularly noticeable among children and adolescents, which coincides with the increase in the number of children with obesity. 28 …”

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changes consequently cause weight loss, visceral fat tissue reduction, and reduction in the concentration of pro-inflammatory adipokines, especially from visceral adipose tissue. 28 …”

Section: Metabolic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Can Adipokine FAM19A5 Be a Biomarker of Metabolic Disorders?

Wesołek-Leszczyńska,

Pastusiak,

Bogdański

et al. 2024

DMSO

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Aim One of the most critical functions of adipose tissue is the production of adipokines, ie, numerous active substances that regulate metabolism. One is the newly discovered FAM19A5, whose older name is TAFA-5. Purpose The study aimed to review the literature on the FAM19A5 protein. Methods The review was conducted in December 2023 using the PubMed (Medline) search engine. Sixty-four papers were included in the review. Results This protein exhibits the characteristics of an adipokine with positive features for maintaining homeostasis. The results showed that FAM19A5 was highly expressed in adipose tissue, with mild to moderate expression in the brain and ovary. FAM19A5 may also inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration through the perivascular adipose tissue paracrine pathway. Serum levels of FAM19A5 were decreased in obese children compared with healthy controls. There are negative correlations between FAM19A5, body mass index, and fasting insulin. Serum FAM19A5 level is correlated with type 2 diabetes, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, glutamic pyruvic transferase, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and mean shoulder pulse wave velocity. FAM19A5 expression was reduced in mice with obesity. However, the data available needs to be clarified or contradictory. Conclusion Considering today’s knowledge about FAM19A5, we cannot consider this protein as a biomarker of the metabolic syndrome. According to current knowledge, FAM19A5 cannot be considered a marker of metabolic disorders because the results of studies conducted in this area are unclear.

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“…MetS is a significant global public health challenge, contributing to high morbidity and mortality, additionally, its occurrence is growing in Africa (5)(6)(7)(8). The failure to tackle MetS greatly raises the chances of developing Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (9)(10)(11). MetS is more prevalent among females than males (6,9), directly affects their reproductive role, and contributes to adverse perinatal (12,13) and maternal outcomes (14).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal waist circumference cut-off points for predicting Metabolic Syndrome among females of reproductive age in Wakiso district, central Uganda

Lubogo,

Wamani,

Mayega

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundMetabolic Syndrome (MetS) poses a significant challenge to global public health, due to its strong association with Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Waist circumference (WC) is a convenient metric for diagnosing MetS. Our study sought to establish waist circumference cut-offs that predict MetS in females of reproductive age residing in Wakiso district in central Uganda.MethodsThe data collected were from a cross-sectional study conducted in Wakiso district, central Uganda, involving 697 randomly selected females aged 15 to 49 between June 9thand August 17th,2021. Data included MetS components: WC, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar. MetS status was identified based on two or more MetS components excluding WC. ROC analysis established the average optimal WC. The accuracy and performance of the cut-off points were evaluated through sensitivity, specificity, Positive likelihood ratio, and the Youden index.ResultsOf the 697 participants, 49.9% had two or more MetS risk factors. For females aged 15-49 years, the average optimal WC cut-off was 80.3 cm. Variations in optimal WC thresholds were observed across different age groups: 97.4 cm for (15-24 years), 79.9 cm (25-34 years), 85.6 cm (35-44 years), and 91.1 cm (45-54 years) respectively. The area under the ROC curve for these age groups ranged from 0.78 to 0.86, indicating good discriminatory capability. The sensitivity ranged from 85% to 97%, specificity from 58% to 88%, and the Youden Index from 0.557 to 0.729.ConclusionsA waist circumference of 80.3 cm is the optimal threshold for identifying Metabolic Syndrome in females between the ages of 15 and 49 years in the setting. This finding concurs with the guidance set forth by the International Diabetes Federation. Additionally, study participants had varying WC cut-offs ranging from 79.4 cm to 91.1 cm, depending on their age.

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Metabolic syndrome: risk factors, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and management with natural approaches

Cited by 72 publications

References 157 publications

New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome

New Therapeutic Strategies for Obesity and Its Metabolic Sequelae: Brazilian Cerrado as a Unique Biome

Can Adipokine FAM19A5 Be a Biomarker of Metabolic Disorders?

Optimal waist circumference cut-off points for predicting Metabolic Syndrome among females of reproductive age in Wakiso district, central Uganda

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