Metabolism and Biological Effects of the Transplutonium Elements

Abstract

Springer-Verlag).

Reliability of Current Biokinetic and Dosimetric Models for Radionuclides: A Pilot Study

“…The gross distribution of californium in the skeleton, expressed as the percentage of skeletal californium in a given bone, is similar to that of americium . The microscopic distribution of californium in the skeleton is also similar to that of americium in rats, with heaviest deposits on the trabeculae of the primary spongiosa and on epiphyseal and metaphyseal trabeculae (Durbin 1973).…”

“…The biokinetics of californium has been studied in mice, rats, Chinese and Syrian hamsters, and beagles (Parker et al, 1962;Mewhinney et al, 1971Mewhinney et al, , 1972Lloyd et al, 1971Lloyd et al, , 1972Lloyd et al, , 1974Smith, 1972;Atherton and Lloyd, 1972;Bruenger et al, 1972;Stevens and Bruenger, 1972;Taylor et al, 1972;Durbin, 1973;Graham et al, 1978). Species differences have been observed.…”

Investigation of the retention and distribution of americium-241 in the baboon and the enhanced removal of americium-241 from the body by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)

“…Comparison of the short-term bioassay of Am'in the baboon, cynomolgus monkey, beagle dog, and rat ( (Lloyd et al 1970) c mean of 12 rats (Durbin et al 1967(Durbin et al ,1973 d mean of 4-6 baboons (This study) 1 and the skeleton Cohen and Wrenn, 1973). Once monomeric americium has been injected into the blood stream of a baboon, ,.…”

“…This fact suggests that the formation '. of aggregates in the blood with subsequent rapid clearance due to phagocytic mechanisms, is unlikely. Durbin (1973) states that this assumption is reasonable since circulatory mixing of the dilute injection solutions used in experiments to date, far outweight the likelihood of association of primary hydrolysis products. urement at sacrifice, show certain-differen ces which are difficult to explain.…”

Mieux connaître le devenir biologique des futurs matériaux nucléaires, une nécessité pour maintenir un bon niveau de radioprotection

“…Ils passent mieux dans l'organisme par les poumons ou l'intestin (f A = 10 -2 ) et leur comportement est finalement proche d'éléments divalents. Les actinides tétravalents vont principalement dans le squelette, les trivalents dans le foie (Durbin, 2006(Durbin, , 1973 toutefois cette répartition dépendra fortement de la stabilité des complexes qu'ils forment avec les ions citrates présents au niveau sanguin (Masse et al, 1973). Enfin l'uranium hexavalent précipite à forte concentration préférentiellement dans le rein (Diamond, 1989).…”