Metabolism in normal pregnancy

Herrera, Emílio; Ortega-Senovilla, Henar

doi:10.1201/9781315382104-3

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Među nutritijentima koji prolaze placentu, glukoza je kvantitativno najznačajnija, a zatim su to amino-kiseline i vitamini. Glukoza je primarni energetski izvor za fetoplacentalna tkiva (7). Fetus ne sintetiše glukozu, ali je koristi kao oksidativni supstrat.…”

Section: Metabolizam U Normalnoj I Dijabetesnoj Trudnoćiunclassified

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Gestational diabetes mellitus

Mladenović¹,

Dukic²,

Mirjana³

et al. 2016

Medicinski casopis

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Gestacijski diabetes mellitus (GDM) definiše se kao bilo koji stepen glukozne intolerancije, s početkom ili prvim pojavljivanjem tokom trudnoće (1, 2). Ova definicija ne uključuje samo žene kod kojih se dijabetes pojavljuje kao prolazni poremećaj tokom trudnoće i nestaje posle porođaja, već i one kod kojih se pojavljuje tip 1 dijabetesa (T1DM), kao novootkriveni u trudnoći, i traje i posle porođaja. Definicija se primenjuje bez obzira na to da li se koristi insulin ili samo dijeta u lečenju i ukoliko stanje perzistira i posle trudnoće. To ne isključuje mogućnost da se neprepoznata intolerancija glukoze ispoljila s trudnoćom (2, 3). GDM je obično blag i ne ugrožava život trudnice, ali hiperglikemija povećava fetalni morbiditet. Prema heterogenosti poremećaja koji se definiše kao hiperglikemija, Svetska zdravstvena organizacija je 1985. godine svrstala GDM u poseban tip dijabetesa (4, 5). GESTACIJSKI DIABETES MELLITUS

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Section: Metabolizam U Normalnoj I Dijabetesnoj Trudnoćiunclassified

“…Povećana je prevalencija kongenitalnih anomalija kod fetusa i spontanih pobačaja kod žena sa GDM sa lošom glikemijskom kontrolom. Pokazano je da je postprandijalna glikemija najvažnija varijabla koja utiče na kasniji rizik za nastanak neonatalne makrozomije (7).…”

Section: Metabolizam U Normalnoj I Dijabetesnoj Trudnoćiunclassified

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Mladenović¹,

Dukic²,

Mirjana³

et al. 2016

Medicinski casopis

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“…During the last third of gestation, the mother switches to a catabolic condition (5). Insulin resistance tends to increase in physiological pregnancy, following gradually rising levels of foeto-placental hormones (1). In response to this imbalance, the pancreas normally compensates with a higher insulin secretion (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During pregnancy, β cells normally increase their insulin secretion to compensate for a decrease in insulin sensitivity (2). Pregnancy is a carbohydrate-intolerant state, but only a small proportion of pregnant women will develop diabetes (1). In all pregnancies, insulin resistance increases as the pregnancy develops due to rising circulating concentrations of insulin antagonists such as cortisol, prolactin, human placental lactogen, and leptin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycoregulation During Pregnancy

Mladenović

Stojanovic

Macut

et al. 2019

Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

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Pregnant women with gestational diabetes and with well controlled glucose levels have decreased concentrations of individual fatty acids in maternal and cord serum

2019

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Aims/hypothesis Both arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,22:6 n-3), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), are involved in fetal development and, based on their percentage compositions, appear to be specifically accumulated in fetal circulation in a proposed phenomenon known as biomagnification. Discrepancies exist in the literature concerning the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on circulating fatty acids. Our objective was to analyse individual fatty acid concentrations in a large cohort of maternal and cord paired serum samples from pregnant women with and without GDM. Methods Overnight fasted maternal and cord blood paired samples from 84 women with GDM and well controlled blood glucose levels and 90 healthy pregnant women (controls) were drawn at term. Individual fatty acids within total serum lipids were analysed by gas chromatography and expressed both as concentrations of fatty acid (mmol/l) and as a percentage of total fatty acids. Results In the serum of overnight fasted pregnant women with GDM, the concentrations of most fatty acids were lower than in control women, except for AA and DHA, which remained the same. The concentrations of most fatty acids in cord serum were also lower in the GDM group than in the control group, except for α-linolenic acid (ALA,18:3 n-3), which was higher in the GDM group. In both groups, the concentrations of all fatty acids were lower in cord serum than in maternal serum. In GDM participants only, a positive and significant correlation between cord and maternal serum concentration of AA and DHA was observed. Conclusions/interpretation The expression of fatty acids in molar concentrations reveals that GDM decreases the concentration of most fatty acids in both maternal and cord serum. There is a high fetal dependence on maternal AA and DHA, but our findings do not support the existence of a fetal biomagnification of those two LCPUFA. Keywords Biomagnification. Cord serum. Fetal metabolism. Gestational diabetes. Polyunsaturated fatty acids Abbreviations AA Arachidonic acid (20:4 n-6) ALA α-Linolenic acid (18:3 n-3) C-section Caesarean section DGLA Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3 n-6) DHA Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3) EPA Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus GLA γ-Linolenic acid (18:3 n-6) LA Linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) LCPUFA Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid(s) MUFA Monounsaturated fatty acid(s) OA Oleic acid (18:1 n-9) PA Palmitic acid (16:0) POA Palmitoleic acid (16:1) PUFA Polyunsaturated fatty acid(s) SA Stearic acid (18:0) SFA Saturated fatty acid(s) TAG Triacylglycerols Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

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Metabolism in normal pregnancy

Cited by 6 publications

References 73 publications

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus

Glycoregulation During Pregnancy

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes and with well controlled glucose levels have decreased concentrations of individual fatty acids in maternal and cord serum

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