Metabolism in Seed Ripening: Protein and poly(A)+ RNA Pattern in developing embryos of Triticum durum

Grilli, Isa; Lioi, Lucia; Anguillesi, M.C.; Meletti, Paolo; Floris, C.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(86)80044-x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…After-ripening resulted, in the airdried seed, in a new development program modulated at RNA level. The after-ripening in dry storage of T. durum grains is accompanied in embryos by a reduction of content of RNA, and poly(A) + RNA, and by a decline in the capacity of RNA to code for proteins (Grilli et al 1986) and recent studies record a degradation of particular mRNAs in grains during dry after-ripening phase (Johnson and Dyer 2000). Dormant embryos of T. durum, differently from non dormant ones, might have the need to degrade these RNAs during imbibition before being able to germinate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although metabolic activities are generally non detectable in dry seed tissues (Lynch and Clegg 1986) and seed metabolism is very low (Bewley 1997), clearly some changes are occurring under these physiological conditions that eventually result in the loss of dormancy (Johnson andDyer 2000, Leubner-Metzger 2005). The after-ripening dry storage of T. durum grains is accompanied by a reduction of content of proteins, RNA and poly(A) + RNA in embryos, and by a decline in the capacity of RNA to code for proteins (Grilli et al 1986). A further characterisation of RNA metabolism may therefore be of value, in order to identify possible qualitative and quantitative changes in relation to the shift from a dormant to non-dormant metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dormancy and germination in wheat embryos: ribonucleases and hormonal control

Spanò¹,

Buselli²,

Grilli³

2008

Biologia plant.

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Acidic and neutral ribonucleases (RNases) were studied in embryos of Triticum durum cv. Cappelli and the effects of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) were analysed. RNases activities increased during germination and were comparable in dormant and non-dormant embryos imbibed for 24 h. ABA generally inhibited ribonucleolytic activities, while GA 3 only affected dormant embryos. To assess whether changes in RNase activities during germination or following hormonal treatment required new transcriptional or translational action, cycloheximide or cordycepin were used. The action of inhibitors of acidic RNase activity was found only in non-dormant-embryos. Findings obtained in the present work concur with a change of the ribonucleolytic pattern in the shift from dormant to non dormant metabolism.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dormancy and germination in wheat embryos: ribonucleases and hormonal control

Spanò¹,

Buselli²,

Grilli³

2008

Biologia plant.

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“…On the basis of our present and previous (Haggman et al, 1985) scanning electron microscope studies, together with studies of the polysome profiles obtained after sucrose density gradient eentrifugation, it suggested the presence of stored poiysomes. These are known to exist in donnant seeds of Pintis (Yamamoto 1982) and in the seeds of many other species (e,g, Grilli et al, 1986, Koshiba et al, 1986, All ribosome fractions, regardless of the time of collection of the material, synthesized proteins in vitro. However, when calculated on a ribosome unit basis, the translation capacity of wintertime samples was about one third of that found in samples from September or May (Fig, 4), The low translation capacity of wintertime ribosomes may partly arise from the occurrence of in-active storage fonnations.…”

Section: Discussmmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations in the properties of ribosome assemblies from vegetative buds of Scots pine

Kupila‐Ahvenniemi

Lindfors

Häggman³

1987

Physiologia Plantarum

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The amount of total ribosome assemblies extractable from the vegetative buds of 2 m high Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrís L.) plants remained more or less constant throughout the sampling period from September to May. The stability of the ribosomes, the shape of the polysome profiles obtained after sucrose density gradient centrifugation and the clustering of material as seen in the scanning electron micrographs suggested the presence of storage formations during the winter. All samples of isolated ribosomes were able to synthesize proteins in vitro. During midwinter the translation capacity, when calculated on a ribosome unit basis, was about one third of that found in September and May. This reflects not only the occurrence of storage formation during the winter, but also the amount of initiated translation processes at any given time. The decrease in the in vitro translation capacity in the autumn ceases around the end of November. Ribosome activity starts to increase as early as the end of January or beginning of February. It seems that the reactions are triggered either by an endogenous clock or by the change in the daylength.

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“…Often, seed dormancy is divided into three major types: exogenous, endogenous and combinational dormancy. The embryo‐covering structures including hulls (palea and lemma), pericarp/testa, endosperm and/or embryo of grass species may affect the dormancy of seeds, defined as endogenous dormancy (Grilli et al ., ; Hilhorst, ). However, the contribution of each component to dormancy may vary by species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed dormancy and dormancy‐breaking methods in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (Poaceae)

Wang

et al. 2016

Grass and Forage Science

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Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. is a perennial grass with high productivity and forage value; however, poor stand establishment, often due to seed dormancy, limits its widespread use for forage production. To investigate the mechanism of seed dormancy and to develop effective methods of improving germination, the contribution of each part of the caryopsis to dormancy was investigated, and a number of single or combined dormancy-breaking pre-treatments were conducted using three seed lots. The palea, lemma, pericarp/testa, and endosperm all contributed to seed dormancy. The contribution of each part to dormancy was 23Á4%, lemma; 6Á2%, palea; 28Á4%, pericarp/testa; and 42Á0%, endosperm. Hull (palea and lemma) removal, pericarp/testa piercing, and soaking in distilled water or 30% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) significantly decreased the percentage of dormant seeds (i.e. increased germination). Treating hull-removed and pericarp/testa-pierced seeds with gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) also significantly decreased the percentage of dormant seeds. Compared with each of the single pre-treatments, the combined pre-treatment of pre-soaking in water for 1 d, then 30% NaOH for 60 min and treating with 300 lM GA 3 resulted in the highest germination (89%); and seed viability was 91%.

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Metabolism in Seed Ripening: Protein and poly(A)+ RNA Pattern in developing embryos of Triticum durum

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Dormancy and germination in wheat embryos: ribonucleases and hormonal control

Dormancy and germination in wheat embryos: ribonucleases and hormonal control

Seasonal variations in the properties of ribosome assemblies from vegetative buds of Scots pine

Seed dormancy and dormancy‐breaking methods in Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel. (Poaceae)

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