Metabolism of fenitrothion by organophosphorus-resistant and -susceptible house flies, Musca domestica L

Ugaki, Masashi; Shono, Toshiyuki; Fukami, Jun-ichi

doi:10.1016/0048-3575(85)90075-6

Cited by 20 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Previous studies demonstrated that resistance to OP insecticides occurs in M. domestica and it is a worldwide challenge [12,[30][31][32]. In accordance with our results, high levels of house fly resistance to fenitrothion were recorded in different strains and countries, such as the Şanlıurfa 2004 strain from Turkey (50.37 folds), the Danish strain (100-400 folds), strains from Taiwan (12.47-134.79 folds), the Japanese strain Akita-f (3500 folds), and the Hans strain from Germany (>6700 folds) [33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Organophosphate Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of House Flies, Musca domestica L.: Levels of Resistance and Acetylcholinesterase Activity

Abobakr

Al-Hussein

Bayoumi

et al. 2022

Insects

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The house fly, Musca domestica L., is an important medical and veterinary pest associated with humans and livestock. Management of house flies has relied extensively on chemical control. In this study, we report on the resistance of house fly field-collected populations to diazinon and fenitrothion OP insecticides in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The diazinon and fenitrothion median lethal dose (LD50) values against adult female M. domestica field-collected populations were significantly higher than those of the laboratory (LAB) strain. Different levels of resistance were detected in all field-collected populations toward the two OP insecticides. The resistance ratios for diazinon ranged from 62.47 to 309.78, while there were 53.08 to 261.24 for fenitrothion in the eight field-collected populations. The specific activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in all field populations was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than that in the LAB strain. In vitro diazinon and fenitrothion median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of LAB strain AChE activity were significantly (p < 0.05) lower than those for field-collected populations. This study found high levels of resistance in the house fly field-collected populations to diazinon and fenitrothion. Replacing these two insecticides and any other OPs with novel ones that have different modes of action is an urgent need in the insect-vector control programs in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An altered AChE enzyme of M. domestica field populations might be partially responsible for the developed resistance. Monitoring of insecticide resistance development in M. domestica populations and a better understanding of its mechanisms are needed to design operative management strategies for controlling the house flies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Organophosphate Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of House Flies, Musca domestica L.: Levels of Resistance and Acetylcholinesterase Activity

Abobakr

Al-Hussein

Bayoumi

et al. 2022

Insects

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“…Total cytochrome P450 levels was similar in the 571ab and Cooper strains. It is contrary to Ugaki et al (1985) who found high activity of cytochrome P450 in the Akita-f strain (resistant to fenitrothion) compared with a susceptible strain (SRS). High activity of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases was also found in a fenitrothion-resistant strain of Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Rose and Wallbank, 1986).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Total cytochrome P450 levels was similar in the 571ab and Cooper strains. It is contrary to U gaki et al. (1985) who found high activity of cytochrome P450 in the Akita‐f strain (resistant to fenitrothion) compared with a susceptible strain (SRS).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Studies on some enzymes involved in insecticide resistance in fenitrothion‐resistant and ‐susceptible strains of Musca domestica L. (Dipt, Muscidae)

Ahmed¹,

Wilkins²

2002

J Applied Entomology

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The toxicity of fenitrothion and fenitrothion plus synergists was determined by topical application to adults of fenitrothion‐resistant (571ab) and ‐susceptible (Cooper) strains of Musca domestica L. The strain 571ab was 232‐fold resistant to fenitrothion when compared with the Cooper strain. Co‐administration of fenitrothion with three synergists, namely piperonyl butoxide (PBO), tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEF) and diethyl maleate (DEM) was investigated, respectively, at 1 : 5, 1 : 5 and 1 : 10 ratio. This co‐administration of fenitrothion with PBO, DEF and DEM caused a decrease in the doses which produced 50% lethality (LD50s) in 571ab but had no synergistic effect on fenitrothion toxicity was observed in the Cooper strain. The effect of topical application of fenitrothion alone and in combination with PBO, DEF and DEM at the LD50 level on some enzyme activities in 571ab and Cooper strains was examined. The application of fenitrothion alone and in combination with DEF and DEM at LD50 level caused a significant decrease in activities of total esterases, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) in the 571ab strain. The decrease in GST activity was not significant in treated flies of the Cooper strain when compared with GST activity of control flies. A non‐significant effect on total cytochrome P450 level was observed with fenitrothion alone and the fenitrothion + PBO treatment. No increase in activity level of total esterases, AChE and GST was found, which might suggest that changes in activity level of these enzymes are not related to fenitrothion resistance in the 571ab strain.

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“…Fenitrothion shows low toxicity against mammals (Nishizawa et al, 1961). In order to classify the mechanism of its selective toxicity or to access its potential hazard in the environment, the metabolism of fenitrothion has been investigated in mouse (Hollingworth et al, 1967), rabbit (Miyamoto et al, 1976), fish (Takimoto et al, 1987), houseflies (Ugaki et al, 1984), white rat (Kumar et al, 1993), moth (Konno and Shishido, 1996) and in zooplankton (Kashiwada et al, 1998). Matsushita et al (2003) observed the changes in mutagenicity during biodegradation of fenitrothion as well as the contribution of its metabolites towards mutagenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation and bioaccumulation of fenitrothion in rat liver

Roy

Kumar

et al. 2004

Biomedical Chromatography

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The biodegradation of fenitrothion O,O-dimethyl-O-(3-methyl-4-nitro phenyl) phosphorothioate was investigated in rat liver after administration of various doses (5 mg/100 g body weight and 20 mg/100 g body weight) in acute treatment and 1 mg/100 g body weight in chronic treatment. High performance liquid chromatography of the pesticide and its metabolites formed in liver in acute treatment showed time-dependent sequential conversion of pesticide into three major metabolites within 24 h. These metabolites were separated and purified to homogenity by HPLC and characterized by IR spectroscopy as O,O-dimethyl-O-(3-methyl-4-amino phenyl) phsophorothioate (metabolite 1), O,O-dimethyl phosphorothioate (metabolite II) and O,O-dimethyl phosphate (metabolite III) in the fi rst dose (5 mg/100 g body weight). Metabolite II was found to be different in the second dose (20 mg/100 g body weight) and identified as O,O-dimethyl O-3-methyl-4-amino phenyl phosphate. The results with the fi rst dose indicated reduction of the nitro group in fenitrothion as step I followed by hydrolytic clevage of the P-O-aryl bond in metabolite I and oxidative desulphurylation of metabolite II. At higher dose (20 mg/100 g body weight) oxidative desulphurylation takes place as step II followed by hydrolysis of metabolite II. The bioaccumulation of fenitrothion within 60 days during chronic treatment showed no metabolite but continuous reduction in fenitrothion concentration, indicating excretion of pesticide and its products in urine and in faeces.

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Metabolism of fenitrothion by organophosphorus-resistant and -susceptible house flies, Musca domestica L

Cited by 20 publications

References 14 publications

Organophosphate Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of House Flies, Musca domestica L.: Levels of Resistance and Acetylcholinesterase Activity

Organophosphate Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of House Flies, Musca domestica L.: Levels of Resistance and Acetylcholinesterase Activity

Studies on some enzymes involved in insecticide resistance in fenitrothion‐resistant and ‐susceptible strains of Musca domestica L. (Dipt, Muscidae)

Biodegradation and bioaccumulation of fenitrothion in rat liver

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