Metabolism of Malic Acid in Apples

Kidd, F.; West, Charles A.; Griffiths, D. G.; Potter, N. A.

doi:10.1080/00221589.1951.11513735

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A linear relationship between cell surface and total organic acids was obtained in this work (Fig. 6) and agrees with the observations of both Kidd et al (1951) and Robertson and Turner (1951). The latter authors interpret the high correlation of protein nitrogen with total organic acids and of total acids with cell surface to indicate a steady-state relationship between protein n"itrogen, organic acids, and respiration.…”

Section: (A) Cell Sizesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Homogenates' of apple tissue in the present season show that there is an increase in enzymes capable of oxidizing organic acids at the time of the onset of the climacteric. Kidd et al (1951) found that the tate of metabolism of malic acid in Worcester, Pearmain, and Bramley's Seedling apples was unaffected by the onset of the climacteric rise, which agrees with our observation that the total organic acid content does not change at the time of the climacteric rise.…”

Section: (A) Cell Sizesupporting

confidence: 91%

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The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits IV. Seasonal Variation in Cell Size, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Respiration in Developing Granny Smith Apple Fruits

Pearson¹,

Robertson²

1953

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Results of investigation of cell size, fruit size, nitrogen metabolism, and respiration rate over three successive seasons confirm the main conclusions of earlier papers in this series. Fruit left on the trees for a period beyond normal commercial maturity showed a very -large increase in soluble nitrogen with only slight increase in protein nitrogen. The relation of the nitrogen and organic acid metabolism to the climacteric rise in respiration is discussed.

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Section: (A) Cell Sizesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: (A) Cell Sizesupporting

confidence: 91%

The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits IV. Seasonal Variation in Cell Size, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Respiration in Developing Granny Smith Apple Fruits

Pearson¹,

Robertson²

1953

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…Understanding changes in the biochemical constituents of fruit resulted in studies of the amounts of acid in developing and harvested fruit of cvs. 'Bramley's Seedling' and 'Worcester Pearmain' (Kidd et al, 1951). Research showed that post-harvest there is a period when acid levels remained stable, thereafter they declined in both cultivars but more quickly in the dessert cultivar.…”

Section: Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Horticultural science-a century of discovery and application

Dixon

2019

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology

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The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology (JHSB) celebrates, in 2019, a century of continuously publishing peer-review, research-based articles and reviews. Since 1919 scientific discoveries and their application through subsequently evolved industrial technologies have formed the basis for enormous advances and changes in the production of fruit, vegetables and ornamentals. New industries have been founded and expanded as a result of scientific discoveries. Science has brought greater precision, predictability and reliability into horticultural crop production raising the quality and range of products available for consumers. Market forces themselves have imposed vast change in the manner by which horticultural products are produced and sold altering the industrial structures. Horticultural industries have coped with and thrived on these changes because of their swift and effective adoption of discoveries in horticultural science which in turn has driven the need for more research in a cyclic process. This review follows, through a selection of articles published in JHSB, the evolution of aspects of horticultural science and identifies how change has influenced crops and their production.Topics considered of particular prominence in the evolution of horticultural science include: pollination, fertility and compatibility; roots and rootstocks; growth regulation and plant propagation; breeding and nomenclature; nutrition; crop protection; cultivation and management; interactions between environment and growth; water-use efficiency; storage; and environment and social welfare. The history of change in horticultural science and the industries which it serves is contained within the articles selected. They demonstrate the 2 successful manner in which JHSB has fulfilled the aspirations of its founders for a sciencebased journal which offers new ideas for industry. It has survived through one-hundred years vindicating the founders' aspirations. This review does not rigorously dissect and analyse each individual aspect of horticultural science used in charting the history of JHSB's academic voyage. It uses them as signposts showing avenues of new and developing knowledge and scholarship also identifying where discoveries have resulted in industrial progress.

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“…The principle that protein synthesis keeps pace with cell enlargement is thus a characteristic of apple cells under a wide range of conditions. Kidd et al (1951), by other methods, have demonstrated a decrease in protoplasm thickness as apple cells expand. Unless their conditions were exceptional and cell size increase without accompanying protein synthesis occurred, the two results can be reconciled only by assuming that protein nitrogen becomes more concentrated in the protoplasm as the cells expand.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits VII. Between-Tree Variation of Cell Physiology in Relation to Disorder Incidence

Martin¹,

Lewis²,

Cerny³

1954

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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SummaryMean cortical cell size, soluble and protein nitrogen per cell, preclimacteric respiration, mean fruit size, and incidence of disorders have been studied for fruit of each tree in a plot of 35 trees of Jonathan variety. These trees were remarkably uniform with regard to soil, aspect, tree size, and pollinating variety, but provided a range of mean fruit size per tree.There was a high degree of correlation between the variables. Cortical cell size increased with mean fruit size but more rapidly than would be expected from a proportional increase with size of fruit. Protein nitrogen increased proportionally with cell volume but the ratio of protein nitrogen and cell surface increased with cell size, suggesting that the protoplasm increased in thickness with cell size. Intercorrelation between respiration per cell, protein nitrogen, soluble nitrogen, and cell size were particularly close, remaining highly significant even when mean fruit size per tree was held constant by methods of partial correlation analysis, suggesting that these characteristics are functions of cell growth and are not influenced by between-tree differences due to cropping. Disorder incidence is correlated with the other variables and the implications of these relationships are discussed.

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Metabolism of Malic Acid in Apples

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits IV. Seasonal Variation in Cell Size, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Respiration in Developing Granny Smith Apple Fruits

The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits IV. Seasonal Variation in Cell Size, Nitrogen Metabolism, and Respiration in Developing Granny Smith Apple Fruits

Horticultural science-a century of discovery and application

The Physiology of Growth in Apple Fruits VII. Between-Tree Variation of Cell Physiology in Relation to Disorder Incidence

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