Metabolism of methyltestosterone, norethandrolone and methylboldenone in a heifer

Determination of anabolic steroids in bovine urine by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

“…Therefore typically conjugates are hydrolysed prior to LC-MS/MS analysis. For this, purpose an enzymatic hydrolysis procedure using Helix pomatia juice (which contains ␤-glucuronidase and sulphatase) was used [16,27,33].…”

“…Also, different techniques have been developed for the determination of anabolic steroids in biological samples. As such high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [3][4][5][6], gas chromatography (GC), GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] GC-high resolution MS [16], GC-MS/MS (mostly on ion traps see [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]) and LC coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) have all been utilized [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Detection and Characterization of a New Metabolite of 17α-Methyltestosterone

“…Two main metabolites were identified in the metabolism of 17␣-methyltestosterone in human: 17␣-methyl-5␣-androstane-3␣,17␤-diol (A2) and 17␣-methyl-5␤-androstane-3␣,17␤-diol (A3) (Schänzer and Donike, 1993). Hydroxylated metabolites have been described in several animals including the horse (Dumasia, 2003;McKinney et al, 2007;Yamada et al, 2007) and the heifer (Blokland et al, 2005).In doping control analysis, the detection of steroid metabolites is normally performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) after trimethylsilylation (Schänzer and Donike, 1993;Ayotte et al, 1996;Saugy et al, 2000), achieving the required sensitivity of 2 ng/ml (WADA Technical Document TD2004MRPL version 1.0, 2007, http://www.wada-ama.org/rtecontent/document/perf_limits_2. pdf).…”

“…Two main metabolites were identified in the metabolism of 17␣-methyltestosterone in human: 17␣-methyl-5␣-androstane-3␣,17␤-diol (A2) and 17␣-methyl-5␤-androstane-3␣,17␤-diol (A3) (Schänzer and Donike, 1993). Hydroxylated metabolites have been described in several animals including the horse (Dumasia, 2003;McKinney et al, 2007;Yamada et al, 2007) and the heifer (Blokland et al, 2005).…”

Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography assay for 17α-methyltestosterone in fish feed

“…Adding MT to fish feed is the easiest and most convenient mode of hormone-induced sex reversal. Several high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) methods have been reported for the analysis of MT in various biological matrices and pharmaceutical preparations [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], but only a few deal with analysis of MT in fish feed [5,6]. MT concentration in fish feed was determined [5] by following a multi-step extraction technique followed by HPLC analysis that is a modification of a method developed by Goudie [6] to analyze fish tissue for MT.…”