Metabolism of toluene and xylenes by Pseudomonas (putida (arvilla) mt-2: evidence for a new function of the TOL plasmid

Abstract

Pseudomonas putida (arvilla) mt-2 carries genes for the catabolism of toluene, m-xylene, and p-xylene on a transmissible plasmid, TOL. These compounds are degraded by oxidation of one of the methyl substituents via the corresponding alcohols and aldehydes to benzoate and m-and p-toluates, respectively, which are then further metabolised by the meta pathway, also coded for by the TOL plasmid. The specificities of the benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and the benzaldehyde dehydrogenase for their three respective substrates are independent of the carbon source used for growth, suggesting that a single set of nonspecific enzymes is responsible for the dissimilation of the breakdown products of toluene and mand p-xylene. Benzyl alcohol dehydrogenase and benzaldehyde dehydrogenase are coincidently and possible coordinately induced by toluene and the xylenes, and by the corresponding alcohols and aldehydes. They are not induced in cells grown on m-toluate but catechol 2,3-oxygenase can be induced by m-xylene.

Cell Surface Display of Organophosphorus Hydrolase in Pseudomonasputida Using an Ice‐Nucleation Protein Anchor

“…A more realistic approach is to engineer soil bacteria that are known to survive in contaminated environments for an extended period. Of particular interest is Pseudomonas putida KT2440, which is a derivative of the TOL-pathway-containing P. putida mt-2 (12). This bacterium is robust and ubiquitous in soils and is capable of using a variety of pollutants such as toluene and xylene.…”

The interplay of EIIANtr with C‐source regulation of the Pu promoter of Pseudomonas putida mt‐2

“…The P. putida mt-2 strain (ATCC 33015;Worsey and Williams, 1975) or the pWW0-lacking derivative P. putida KT2440 (Nelson et al, 2002) were used in this study. P. putida strains were grown at 30 C either in LB or in M9 minimal medium (Sambrook and Russell, 2001) supplemented with succinate (0.4%), glucose (0.3%) or fructose (0.3%) as a carbon source.…”

“…Degradation of m-xylene and other aromatic hydrocarbons by the soil bacterium Pseudomonas putida mt-2 is made possible by the action of the xyl genes borne by plasmid pWW0 (Worsey and Williams, 1975;Greated et al, 2002). As shown in Fig.…”

Thermophilic biodegradation of BTEX by two Thermus Species

“…It has been reported that several metabolic intermediates of certain aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene 618 and toluene, are potential carbon sources for aromatic hydrocarbon degraders. 12,16*26, 36 These intermediates are, in general, products from the initial steps of biodegradation of the aromatic hydrocarbons. GrbiC-GaliC and Vogel l 6 reported that phenol was the major aromatic intermediate in mixed methanogenic cultures fed with benzene, while o-cresol, p-cresol and benzoic acid were intermediates in the same cultures fed with toluene.…”