Metabolite analysis for the comparison of irrigated and non-irrigated field grown tomato of varying genotype

Abstract

Every year the consequences of water deficit on crop yield and quality are profound. The observation that many wild species relatives of cultivated crops display a greater stress tolerance and the fact that the cultivated species generally display only a fraction of the allelic diversity available within the tomato clade suggest that crossing of wild species with elite cultivars could improve the stress physiology of modern crops. To assess this from the basis of chemical composition we applied an established GC-MS based metabolite profiling method to fruits from irrigated and non-irrigated tomato plants either of the cultivated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) or of its hybrid with its wild species relative (Solanum pennellii). Results are discussed in terms of both the metabolic response to drought stress and the potential of utilizing exotic germplasm as a means to improve agronomically important characteristics of crop species.

Metabolic profiling of cadmium-induced effects in one pioneer intertidal halophyte Suaeda salsa by NMR-based metabolomics

“…Metabolite assignments: 1 alanine, 2 malate, 3 unknown 1 (2.97 ppm), 4 choline, 5 betaine, 6 sucrose, 7 fructose, 8 b-glucose, 9 a-glucose, 10 fumarate and 11 unknown 2 (6.75 ppm) (Color figure online) Commonly, the higher doses (10 and 50 lg l -1 ) of Cd induced the abundance of branched chain amino acids (valine, leucine and isoleucine), succinate, citrate, glucose, fructose and depletion of betaine and sucrose after 1 week of exposure. The increase in the branched chain amino acids is intriguing, which has also been observed in the Arabidopsis thaliana under dark condition and in the water-stressed tomato (Ishizaki et al 2005;Semel et al 2007). In the highest dose (50 lg l -1 ) of Cd-exposed samples, the other amino acids including glutamate, glutamine, arginine, tyrosine and phenylalanine were elevated as well, whilst only tryptophan was increased in the 10 lg l -1 Cd-treated samples.…”

Plant Metabolomics: A Characterisation of Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses

“…glucose, maltose, sucrose, trehalose and myo-inositol) being present at higher levels in the F1 hybrid and only a few of them (putrescine and fructose-6-phosphate) more abundant in M82 (Semel et al, 2007). In the cultivated tomato, M82, the stress strongly affected the content of many metabolites, with large increases in several amino acids (including proline, β-alanine, GABA, glutamate and glycine), fatty and organic acids (including TCA cycle intermediates), as well as sugars and sugar derivatives.…”

“…On the basis of this observation, Semel et al (2007) compared the metabolic profile of tomato fruit pericarp from irrigated and non-irrigated field grown plants, belonging either to the cultivated tomato, Solanum lycopersicum (cv. M82), or to its interspecific hybrid with Solanum pennellii.…”

“…Indeed, PCA clearly discriminated M82 from the F1 hybrid as well as irrigated from nonirrigated M82, but was unable to discriminate irrigated from non-irrigated F1 samples. Similarly, Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) revealed a strong influence of the genotype and a lower influence of the environment on the metabolic profiles (Semel et al, 2007). Vannini et al (2007) analysed the drought-tolerant phenotype and targeted metabolite accumulation in wt and transgenic tomato plants overexpressing the rice Osmyb4 gene either under a constitutive (pCaMV35S) or a stress-inducible (pCOR15a) promoter.…”

Differentiation of Four Varieties of Germinating Thai Colored Indica Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) by Metabolite Profiling

“…GC-based metabolite profiling methods have been employed to investigate a phenotypic diversity of food crops (Davies 2007;Matsuda et al 2012), assess compositional variability due to the environmental impacts (Semel et al 2007), differentiate different input systems, i.e. conventional versus organic farming , as well as monitor the plant developmental process (Fait et al 2006).…”