Metabolites of Key Flavor Compound 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine in Human Urine

Dong, Liang; Dirndorfer, Sebastian; Somoza, Veronika; Krautwurst, Dietmar; Lang, Roman; Hofmann, Thomas

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06418

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Among them, strain LC-6 (B. amyloliquefaciens) had a relatively higher TMP yield of 0.071 ± 0.011 mg/g (Figure 3). This yield was higher than that obtained by Liang et al [4] using B. sonorensis for solid-state fermentation. Previous research showed that the main microorganisms producing TMP belong to Bacillus species [4,19].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…This yield was higher than that obtained by Liang et al [4] using B. sonorensis for solid-state fermentation. Previous research showed that the main microorganisms producing TMP belong to Bacillus species [4,19]. Overall, it is reasonable to select a high-yield TMP-producing Bacillus strain as the initial strain in this study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…The specific structural formula of TMP is shown in Figure 1. TMP is common in heated foods, like baked goods, roasted meat, coffee, peanuts, or popcorn, and is mainly formed by the Maillard reaction during food production [4]. In addition, TMP has also been found in traditional fermented foods, such as soybean-and cocoa-based fermented foods and Chinese Baijiu [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the microorganisms that can synthesize TMP are Bacillus subtilis, B. sonorensis, B. licheniformis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. cereus, Lactococcus lactis, etc. [4,19,20]. In Bacillus subtilis 168 cells, L-threonine-3-dehydrogenase (TDH) catalyzes the reaction of D-glucose and L-threonine to produce TMP [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of Fermentation Conditions for 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazine Produced by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from Daqu

Liu,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Fermentation

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2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (TMP), as a volatile heterocyclic nitrogen compound, has a wide range of applications. To explore an efficient and environmentally friendly way to produce TMP, Bacillus strains were isolated from Daqu using traditional separation and purification methods. The fermentation products were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the species relationship of strains was analyzed by morphological and phylogenetic tree construction. Single factors were selected to optimize the fermentation process of TMP production, and a Box–Behnken design was used for response surface testing. The LC-6 strain isolated from Daqu was Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and its fermentation products contained TMP, with a relatively high value of 0.071 ± 0.011 mg/g, indicating that the LC-6 strain was a potentially valuable TMP-producing bacterium. The results of single-factor testing showed that temperature, bottle capacity, and water addition significantly affected TMP production. Box–Behnken design and response surface analysis revealed that the order of influence on TMP yield was as follows: water addition > temperature > bottle capacity. Response surface optimization results showed that the optimal parameters for wheat medium fermentation were temperature 37 °C, bottle capacity 100 g/250 mL, and water addition 39 mL. Under these fermentation conditions, the average production of TMP was 0.446 ± 0.052 mg/g, which was 0.375 mg/g higher than that obtained before optimization. Compared with the previous period, the production of TMP indeed increased, providing a basis for further research on the solid-state fermentation process of TMP synthesis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%