Metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance and gain of growing goats

Luo, Jiafa; Goetsch, A.L.; Nsahlai, I. V.; Sahlu, T.; Ferrell, C. L.; Owens, F. N.; Galyean, M. L.; Moore, John E.; Johnson, Z. B.

doi:10.1016/j.smallrumres.2004.04.003

Cited by 47 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Crude protein and ME intakes were also within the ranges reported by Luo et al, (2004a) and Luo et al, (2004b) for growing meat goats and Patra et al (2008) in Boer Â Spanish goats. The concentrate intakes of the supplemented goats implied that concentrates accounted for almost all net energy intakes and the browsed/grazed material only supplied a minimal structural part of the total diets.…”

Section: Concentrate Dry Matter Utilisationsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

et al. 2014

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a b s t r a c tA surge in the demand for goats' meat both locally and internationally has prompted many goat farmers in Uganda to venture into commercial goat production. However, goat production is highly challenged by breed characteristics and extreme fluctuations in feed quantity and quality. This study evaluated the effects of supplementing grazing Mubende goats and their crossbreds (Mubende Â Boer) with concentrates on growth, carcass and noncarcass characteristics. A 2 Â 3 factorial treatment arrangement was used to randomly allocate 96 pure Mubende and Mubende Â Boer castrates (mean7SE; 31.372.2 kg initial weight) aged between 9 and 15 months, to three feeding regimes. The feeding regimes included (i) sole grazing (SGZ) as control, (ii) controlþ concentrate containing molasses (MCM) and (iii) controlþ concentrate without molasses (MCC). Concentrate dry matter intake was higher (Po0.001) in the crossbreds regardless of concentrate type, however, inclusion of molasses resulted in lower concentrate intake. The Mubende goats were more efficient in utilising concentrate with molasses while the crossbreds utilised concentrate without molasses more efficiently. Average daily gain (ADG) was higher (Po0.001) in the crossbreds and in the supplemented groups. Slaughter weight, empty body weight and hot carcass weight were also higher (Po0.001) in the crossbreds than the pure Mubende. Supplementation reduced gut fill (Po0.001) and increased (Po0.001) hot carcass weight and dressing percentage in both genotypes. Proportion of non-carcass components as percentage of empty body weight did not vary between genotypes but supplementation reduced (Po0.01) proportion of skin with hocks and empty stomach. Kidney fat, omental fat and scrotal fat increased (Po0.001) with supplementation. Therefore, crossbreeding together with supplementation of grazing can considerably improve goat meat production, however, caution should be taken on the level of concentrate supplement offered as tendency for absolute substitution of concentrate for grass/browse by goats was observed in this study.

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Section: Concentrate Dry Matter Utilisationsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

et al. 2014

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“…Luo et al [28,29] predicted MPRs for maintenance, gain and fiber growth of growing, and mature Angora goats using multiple regression analysis. The MPR for maintenance was 3.35 g/kg BW 0.75 .…”

Section: Mprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolizable protein systems in ruminant nutrition: A review

Das¹,

Kundu²,

Kumar³

et al. 2014

Vet World

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Protein available to ruminants is supplied by both microbial and dietary sources. Metabolizable protein (MP) is the true protein which is absorbed by the intestine and supplied by both microbial protein and protein which escapes degradation in the rumen; the protein which is available to the animal for maintenance, growth, fetal growth during gestation, and milk production. Thus, the concept of balancing ruminant rations basing on only dietary crude protein (CP) content seems erroneous. In India, ruminant rations are still balanced for digestible CP and total digestible nutrients for protein and energy requirements, respectively. Traditional feed analysis methods such as proximate analysis and detergent analysis consider feed protein as a single unit and do not take into account of the degradation processes that occur in rumen and passage rates of feed fractions from rumen to intestine. Therefore, the protein requirement of ruminants should include not only the dietary protein source, but also the microbial CP from rumen. The MP systems consider both the factors, thus predict the protein availability more accurately and precisely. This system is aptly designed to represent the extent of protein degradation in the rumen and the synthesis of microbial protein as variable functions. Feed protein fractions, i.e., rumen degradable protein and rumen undegradable protein play vital roles in meeting protein requirements of rumen microbes and host animal, respectively. With the advent of sophisticated nutrition models such as Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system, National Research Council, Agricultural Research Council, Cornell Penn Miner Dairy and Amino Cow; ration formulation has moved from balancing diets from CP to MP, a concept that describes the protein requirements of ruminants at intestinal level, and which is available to animals for useful purposes.

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“…Dietary CP requirements for maintenance of free-range goats, with a live weight of 40 kg, ranges from 62 to 77 g kg −1 (NRC, 1981(NRC, , 2000Luo et al, 2004;Moore et al, 2004). According to this study, the average CP content in both kernel and hull were insufficient to meet these requirements.…”

Section: Crude Protein and Cell Wall Contentsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Nutritional quality of kermes oak (<i>Quercus coccifera</i> L.) acorns as affected by altitude in a typical Mediterranean area

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The impact of altitudinal zone on the nutritional quality of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.) acorns was assessed in Xirovouni Mountain shrublands in northwestern Greece. Whole acorns were collected during autumn 2011 from 15 sites located at three altitudinal zones (i.e. lower, middle, upper). Kermes oak acorn samples were manually separated into kernel and hull and analysed for chemical composition (crude protein, CP; neutral detergent fibre, NDF; acid detergent fibre, ADF; lignin), in vitro dry matter (DM) digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro NDF digestibility (IVNDFD), digestible energy (DE), and minerals (i.e. Ca, P, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu). Altitude had a negative correlation with CP, IVDMD, and IVNDFD and positively correlated to cell wall contents in both kernel and hull. Acorns growing under higher temperatures (at lower altitude) have more digestible cell wall compared to acorns growing under lower temperatures (at higher altitude) due to increased CP content and decreased cell wall content. It seems that environmental factors affect the nutritional value of acorns. Thus, goat farmers should take this into account when collecting acorns to feed their animals.

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Metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance and gain of growing goats

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

Metabolizable protein systems in ruminant nutrition: A review

Nutritional quality of kermes oak (<i>Quercus coccifera</i> L.) acorns as affected by altitude in a typical Mediterranean area

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Metabolizable protein requirements for maintenance and gain of growing goats

Cited by 47 publications

References 20 publications

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

Growth performance, carcass and non-carcass characteristics of Mubende and Mubende×Boer crossbred goats under different feeding regimes

Metabolizable protein systems in ruminant nutrition: A review

Nutritional quality of kermes oak (&lt;i&gt;Quercus coccifera&lt;/i&gt; L.) acorns as affected by altitude in a typical Mediterranean area

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Nutritional quality of kermes oak (<i>Quercus coccifera</i> L.) acorns as affected by altitude in a typical Mediterranean area