Metabolome Features of COPD: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex heterogeneous disease state with multiple phenotypic presentations that include chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Although COPD is a lung disease, it has systemic manifestations that are associated with a dysregulated metabolome in extrapulmonary compartments (e.g., blood and urine). In this scoping review of the COPD metabolomics literature, we identified 37 publications with a primary metabolomics investigation of COPD phenotypes in human subjects through Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. These studies consistently identified a dysregulation of the TCA cycle, carnitines, sphingolipids, and branched-chain amino acids. Many of the COPD metabolome pathways are confounded by age and sex. The effects of COPD in young versus old and male versus female need further focused investigations. There are also few studies of the metabolome’s association with COPD progression, and it is unclear whether the markers of disease and disease severity are also important predictors of disease progression.

Update on metabolomic findings in COPD patients

“…Furthermore, the vast majority of models described for the disease or its different circumstances have shown limited reproducibility in the validation steps. We agree with most authors of other recent reviews that there are still important deficits regarding the specific importance of factors such as age, sex, the temporal phases of the disease, its severity, exacerbations and progression trajectories to define more personalised metabolic profiles potentially susceptible of different future therapeutic approaches [ 48 , 150 – 152 ]. Moreover, the complementary use of relatively blind approaches such as those provided by wide metabolic screenings plus further cluster analyses will help to find still unknown endotypes and new pathophysiological mechanisms potentially involved in COPD.…”

Characterization of cement mortars with regional organic and inorganic additives

“…The aggregates (blue curve) meets the NMX-C-077- Table 2 Signals from sucrose identified from the EAP using 1 H, 13 C-NMR, and 1 H- 13 H and 13 C-NMR assignment based on Human metabolome database 2023. 44 Table 3 Signals from epicatechin identified from the EAP using 1 H, 13 C-NMR, and 1 H- 13 H and 13 C-NMR assignment based on Natsume et al 45 © 2024 The Author(s). Published by the Royal Society of Chemistry 1997-ONNCCE 30 (black curve) standard limits for ne aggregates (neness modulus = 2.8), thus conrming that it can be considered optimal for construction.…”

Exploring the Potential Role of Metabolomics in COPD: A Concise Review

“…Both sialic acid and hypoxanthine were found to be more elevated in patients experiencing common pulmonary exacerbations. Therefore, they could potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting future exacerbations and identifying patients at a higher risk for such events [ 40 ].…”

“…It has been reported that serum and plasma metabolites of inflammation and oxidative stress could help recognize the development and exacerbation of COPD [ 40 ]. Moreover, plasma and sputum sphingolipid levels were higher in emphysema and COPD exacerbations [ 55 ].…”