Metabolomic response of Perilla frutescens leaves, an edible-medicinal herb, to acclimatize magnesium oversupply

Mun, Ha In; Kim, Yang Min; Suh, Dong Ho; Lee, Seulbi; Singh, Devendra; Jung, Eun Joo; Lee, Choong Hwan; Sung, Jwakyung

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236813

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Based on the OPLS-DA plots, all the treatment groups observed a clear separation of metabolites (Figures 5 and S3). The abundances of the altered DEMs indicate the most affected class of metabolites in response to Mg deficiency or low or excess Mg, including amino acids and organic acids, fatty acyl, prenol lipids, flavonoids and the unclassified metabolite [6,9] (Table S2).…”

Section: Differential Metabolites In M Alba Leaves: Response To Vario...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants rely on most of these phytochemicals to survive a wide range of biotic and abiotic stressors in their microenvironments. These include but are not limited to a limited availability of nutrition, harsh temperatures, high light intensity, and microbial attack [5,6]. Globally, considerable crop output losses can be attributed to abiotic variables, which are major environmental limiting factors in today's agricultural methods [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnesium (Mg) is a macronutrient that is essential for plant growth and development. Mg is the most abundant free divalent cation in the cytosol, and as a cofactor of various enzymes involved in carbon metabolism, it is essential for chlorophyll formation and carbon fixation in plants [6]. Mg has a significantly smaller ionic radius and a relatively greater hydrated radius compared to other soil cations [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnesium Nutrient Application Induces Metabolomics and Physiological Responses in Mulberry (Morus alba) Plants

Jin

Ackah

Wang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Mulberry (Morus alba) is a significant plant with numerous economic benefits; however, its growth and development are affected by nutrient levels. A high level of magnesium (Mg) or magnesium nutrient starvation are two of the significant Mg factors affecting plant growth and development. Nevertheless, M. alba’s metabolic response to different Mg concentrations is unclear. In this study, different Mg concentrations, optimal (3 mmol/L), high (6 mmol/L and 9 mmol/L), or low (1 and 2 mmol/L) and deficient (0 mmol/L), were applied to M. alba for three weeks to evaluate their effects via physiological and metabolomics (untargeted; liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)) studies. Several measured physiological traits revealed that Mg deficiency and excess Mg altered net photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, leaf Mg content and fresh weight, leading to remarkable reductions in the photosynthetic efficiency and biomass of mulberry plants. Our study reveals that an adequate supply of the nutrient Mg promoted the mulberry’s physiological response parameters (net photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, leaf and root Mg content and biomass). The metabolomics data show that different Mg concentrations affect several differential metabolite expressions (DEMs), particularly fatty acyls, flavonoids, amino acids, organic acid, organooxygen compounds, prenol lipids, coumarins, steroids and steroid derivatives, cinnamic acids and derivatives. An excessive supply of Mg produced more DEMs, but negatively affected biomass production compared to low and optimum supplies of Mg. The significant DEMs correlated positively with mulberry’s net photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, leaf Mg content and fresh weight. The mulberry plant’s response to the application of Mg used metabolites, mainly amino acids, organic acids, fatty acyls, flavonoids and prenol lipids, in the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways. These classes of compounds were mainly involved in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites, the biosynthesis of other amino acids, the metabolism of cofactors and vitamin pathways, indicating that mulberry plants respond to Mg concentrations by producing a divergent metabolism. The supply of Mg nutrition was an important factor influencing the induction of DEMs, and these metabolites were critical in several metabolic pathways related to magnesium nutrition. This study provides a fundamental understanding of DEMs in M. alba’s response to Mg nutrition and the metabolic mechanisms involved, which may be critical to the mulberry genetic breeding program.

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Section: Differential Metabolites In M Alba Leaves: Response To Vario...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnesium Nutrient Application Induces Metabolomics and Physiological Responses in Mulberry (Morus alba) Plants

Jin

Ackah

Wang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Metabolomics is a comprehensive approach to evaluate different metabolomes under a specific set of conditions [ 17 ]. We have applied it for various crops in response to varying environmental factors, including light and mineral nutrient supply [ 1 , 14 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Nutrients × Water × Light on Metabolite Composition in Tomato Fruits (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

Kim

Son

Lee

et al. 2021

Plants

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Tomato cultivation in the greenhouse can be facilitated by supplemental light. We compared the combined effects of nutrients, water, and supplemental light (red) on tomato fruit quality. To do this, three different nutrient conditions were tested, i.e., (1) low N, (2) standard N, and (3) high N. Water was supplied either at −30 kPa (sufficient) or −80 kPa (limited) of soil water potential. Supplemental red LED light was turned either on or off. The metabolites from tomato fruits were profiled using non-targeted mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomic approaches. The lycopene content was highest in the condition of high N and limited water in the absence of supplemental light. In the absence of red lighting, the lycopene contents were greatly affected by nutrient and water conditions. Under the red lighting, the nutrient and water conditions did not play an important role in enhancing lycopene content. Lower N resulted in low amino acids. Low N was also likely to enhance some soluble carbohydrates. Interestingly, the combination of low N and red light led to a significant increase in sucrose, maltose, and flavonoids. In high N soil, red light increased a majority of amino acids, including aspartic acid and GABA, and sugars. However, it decreased most of the secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids, polyamines, and alkaloids. The water supply effect was minor. We demonstrated that different nutrient conditions of soil resulted in a difference in metabolic composition in tomato fruits and the effect of red light was variable depending on nutrient conditions.

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“…Moreover, Shaul (2002) and Koch et al (2019) associated this decrease with K + transport inhibition from the cytosol to the stroma, disequilibrium within the chloroplast, and interference in transport events across the tonoplast [10,20]. Mun et al (2020) explained the deleterious effects of Mg oversupply on Perilla frutescens growth and yield as the decrease in relative abundance of bioactive phytochemicals, such as triterpenoids, flavonoids, and cinnamic acids [41].…”

Section: Two Side Effects Of Mg Application On the Plant K And Ca Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Leaf Magnesium Concentrations for Adequate Photosynthate Production of Soilless Cultured Cherry Tomato—Interaction with Potassium

et al. 2020

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Magnesium (Mg) is essential to many plant physiological and biochemical processes; however, understanding how Mg nutrition quantitatively affects the production, partitioning, and utilization of photoassimilates is still lacking, especially in soilless culture systems. We focused on the roles of Mg in yield formation and interactions with potassium (K) nutrition of cherry tomato. Cherry tomato yield, photosynthetic parameters, dry matter weight, and K, Mg, and calcium (Ca) uptake were investigated in two soilless experiments with seven Mg levels and five K levels. The results showed that low (<1 mM) and high (>4 mM) Mg supply limited cherry tomato yield by decreasing dry matter accumulation by 22.6–78.1% and harvest index by 13.9–40.7%. The critical leaf Mg concentrations required for adequate photosynthate production in the first and second harvest periods were 4.67 and 5.52 g·kg−1, respectively. However, over-supply of Mg reduced leaf K and Ca concentrations and limited plant uptake of K and Ca. Moreover, adjusting K concentrations in solution could influence plant Mg functions in photosynthesis and, therefore, cherry tomato growth. Overall, balanced Mg and K application increased Mg, K, and Ca uptake, as well as Mg concentrations in leaves, which could maintain a sustainable photosynthetic rate and plant dry matter formation.

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Metabolomic response of Perilla frutescens leaves, an edible-medicinal herb, to acclimatize magnesium oversupply

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Magnesium Nutrient Application Induces Metabolomics and Physiological Responses in Mulberry (Morus alba) Plants

Magnesium Nutrient Application Induces Metabolomics and Physiological Responses in Mulberry (Morus alba) Plants

Combined Effects of Nutrients × Water × Light on Metabolite Composition in Tomato Fruits (Solanum Lycopersicum L.)

Critical Leaf Magnesium Concentrations for Adequate Photosynthate Production of Soilless Cultured Cherry Tomato—Interaction with Potassium

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