Metabolomic Signatures of In Vitro Biofilm Maturation of Streptococcus mutans

Letieri, Aline S; Freitas-Fernandes, Liana Bastos; Souza, Ivete Pomarico Ribeiro de; Valente, Ana Paula; Fidalgo, Tatiana Kelly da Silva

doi:10.1007/s00284-022-02778-9

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the COVID-19 context, the lower blood pH presents a worse prognostic factor for death and critical illness [ 41 ]. Our previous study has demonstrated a relationship between oral conditions and organic acids in the saliva, such as acetic and capronic, probably produced by oral microorganisms [ 23 , 24 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Amino Acid Metabolism Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Virus Activity and Post-Infection Condition

et al. 2023

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The SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily infects salivary glands suggesting a change in the saliva metabolite profile; this shift may be used as a monitoring instrument during SARS-CoV-2 infection. The present study aims to determine the salivary metabolomic profile of patients with and post-SARS-CoV-19 infection. Patients were without (PCR−), with SARS-CoV-2 (PCR+), or post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and the 1H spectra were acquired in a 500 MHz Bruker nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer at 25 °C. They were subjected to multivariate analysis using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), as well as univariate analysis through t-tests (SPSS 20.0, IL, USA), with a significance level of p < 0.05. A distinction was found when comparing PCR− subjects to those with SARS-CoV-2 infection. When comparing the three groups, the PLS-DA cross-validation presented satisfactory accuracy (ACC = 0.69, R2 = 0.39, Q2 = 0.08). Seventeen metabolites were found in different proportions among the groups. The results suggested the downregulation of major amino acid levels, such as alanine, glutamine, histidine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, and proline in the PCR+ group compared to the PCR− ones. In addition, acetate, valerate, and capronic acid were higher in PCR− patients than in PCR+. Sucrose and butyrate were higher in post-SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to PCR−. In general, a reduction in amino acids was observed in subjects with and post-SARS-CoV-2 disease. The salivary metabolomic strategy NMR-based was able to differentiate between non-infected individuals and those with acute and post-SARS-CoV-19 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Amino Acid Metabolism Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Virus Activity and Post-Infection Condition

et al. 2023

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“…The current research on the anti-biofilm mechanism is still limited. As many regulators and effectors of virulence are small-molecule secondary metabolites that can be generally amenable to LC–MS ( Letieri et al, 2022 ), the development of an untargeted metabolomics approach based on LC–MS for comprehensive analysis of the known metabolome at a large scale would be highly valuable in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-biofilm activity. In this study, under LJF stress, fatty acyls, carboxylic acids, amino acids, steroids, prenol lipids, and benzene derivatives were the main DEMs ( Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of Lonicera japonica flos on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and mechanism exploration through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses

Wang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionStreptococcus mutans was the primary pathogenic organism responsible for dental caries. Lonicera japonica flos (LJF) is a traditional herb in Asia and Europe and consumed as a tea beverage for thousands of years.MethodsThe inhibitory effect and mechanism of LJF on biofilm formation by S. mutans was investigated. The active extracts of LJF were validated for their inhibitory activity by examining changes in surface properties such as adherence, hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation abilities, and exopolysaccharides (EPS) production, including water-soluble glucan and water-insoluble glucan.Results and discussionLJF primarily inhibited biofilm formation through the reduction of EPS production, resulting in alterations in cell surface characteristics and growth retardation in biofilm formation cycles. Integrated transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomics analyses revealed that EPS production was modulated through two-component systems (TCS), quorum sensing (QS), and phosphotransferase system (PTS) pathways under LJF stress conditions. The sensing histidine kinase VicK was identified as an important target protein, as LJF caused its dysregulated expression and blocked the sensing of autoinducer II (AI-2). This led to the inhibition of response regulator transcriptional factors, down-regulated glycosyltransferase (Gtf) activity, and decreased production of water-insoluble glucans (WIG) and water-soluble glucans (WSG). This is the first exploration of the inhibitory effect and mechanism of LJF on S. mutans, providing a theoretical basis for the application of LJF in functional food, oral health care, and related areas.

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“…Changes in the concentration of amino acids in whole saliva can be related to endogenous proteolysis and bacterial metabolic pathways [ 8 , 9 , 14 ]. The levels of phenylalanine and valine were higher in the saliva samples of patients older than 30 months, which could be related to proteolysis around the teeth eruption site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This biofluid contains proteins, lipids, and low-molecular-weight metabolites that are products of cellular physiological reactions, and it performs an essential function in the oral environment [ 7 ]. The metabolic profile of saliva reflects the contribution of endogenous oral and systemic metabolism, as well as exogenous components such as oral flora and dietary products [ 8 , 9 ]. The metabolomic approach can determine the signatures of several local and systemic conditions, such as diabetes, periodontal disease, Sjogren syndrome, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, this group characterized the profile of salivary metabolites in healthy children of different ages, including infants [ 14 ], with and without caries [ 8 , 15 ]. This study also determined the metabolites that are produced by oral microbiota metabolism [ 9 , 16 ] which characterize systemic diseases in children, as well as type I diabetes [ 12 ] and renal failure [ 11 , 13 ]. To allow for full saliva-monitoring potential, physiological modifiers such as oral microbiota metabolism products, diurnal variation, tooth eruption, diet, and age should be understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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NMR-Based Metabolomics Demonstrates a Metabolic Change during Early Developmental Stages from Healthy Infants to Young Children

et al. 2023

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The present study aims to identify the salivary metabolic profile of healthy infants and young children, and to correlate this with age, salivary gland maturation, and dentition. Forty-eight children were selected after clinical evaluation in which all intraoral structures were examined. Total unstimulated saliva was collected, and salivary metabolites were analyzed by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) at 25 °C. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), orthogonal PLS-DA (O-PLS-DA), and univariate analysis were used, adopting a 95% confidence interval. The study showed a distinct salivary metabolomic profile related to age and developmental phase. The saliva of children in the pre-eruption teeth period showed a different metabolite profile than that of children after the eruption. However, more evident changes were observed in the saliva profile of children older than 30 months. Alanine, choline, ethanol, lactate, and sugar region were found in higher levels in the saliva of patients before 30 months old. Acetate, N-acetyl sugar, butyrate, caproate, creatinine, leucine, phenylalanine, propionate, valine, succinate, and valerate were found to be more abundant in the saliva of children after 30 months old. The saliva profile is a result of changes in age and dental eruption, and these findings can be useful for monitoring the physiological changes that occur in infancy.

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Metabolomic Signatures of In Vitro Biofilm Maturation of Streptococcus mutans

Cited by 8 publications

References 28 publications

Salivary Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Amino Acid Metabolism Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Virus Activity and Post-Infection Condition

Salivary Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Amino Acid Metabolism Shift in SARS-CoV-2 Virus Activity and Post-Infection Condition

Inhibitory effect of Lonicera japonica flos on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and mechanism exploration through metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses

NMR-Based Metabolomics Demonstrates a Metabolic Change during Early Developmental Stages from Healthy Infants to Young Children

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