Metabolomics characterization of energy metabolism reveals glycogen accumulation in gut-microbiota-lacking mice

Hsu

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2012

Self Cite

140

Antrodia camphorata (AC) is an endemic mushroom that grows in Taiwan. We investigated the fatigue-alleviating effects of AC on endurance capacity in swim-exercised and weight-loading mice. Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) strain mice from 3 groups (n = 10 per group in each test) were orally administered AC fruiting body extract for 7 days at 0, 50, and 200 mg/kg/day, designated vehicle, AC-50, and AC-200, respectively. Trend analysis revealed that AC treatments increased grip strength. AC dose-dependently increased swim time, blood glucose, and muscular and hepatic glycogen levels and dose-dependently decreased plasma lactate and ammonia levels and creatine kinase activity. The increase in swimming endurance with AC administration was caused by an increase in liver and muscle glycogen deposition. A. camphorata may have potential for use in ergogenic and antifatigue activities.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triterpenoid-Rich Extract fromAntrodia camphorataImproves Physical Fatigue and Exercise Performance in Mice

Hsu

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

et al. 2012

Self Cite

140

“…Among them, the human gastrointestinal tract is mainly managed by 500∼1000 species anaerobic bacteria 1, 2. It is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that gut microbes can affect both sides of the energy balance equation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One is that affects host genes which regulate how energy is expended and stored 3. Recent studies showed that the composition of bacteria and function of gut microbiota in the digestive tract have been related to host metabolism 1, 4. The gut microbiota of diet-induced obese mice is transplanted to gut-microbiota-lacking mice that led to weight gain, insulin resistance and obesity in gut-microbiota-lacking mice 5-8.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the serum and liver proteomes in gut-microbiota-lacking mice

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Current nutrition research is focusing on health promotion, disease prevention, and performance improvement for individuals and communities around the world. The humans with required nutritional ingredients depend on both how well the individual is provided with balanced foods and what state of gut microbiota the host has. Studying the mutually beneficial relationships between gut microbiome and host is an increasing attention in biomedical science. The purpose of this study is to understand the role of gut microbiota and to study interactions between gut microbiota and host. In this study, we used a shotgun proteomic approach to reveal the serum and liver proteomes in gut-microbiota-lacking mice. For serum, 15 and 8 proteins were uniquely detected in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice, respectively, as well as the 3 and 20 proteins were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in GF mice compared to SPF mice. Among the proteins of the serum, major urinary protein 1 (MUP-1) of GF mice was significantly decreased compared to SPF mice. In addition, MUP-1 expression is primarily regulated by testosterone. Lacking in gut flora has been implicated in many adverse effects, and now we have found its pathogenic root maybe gut bacteria can regulate the sex-hormone testosterone levels. In the liver, 8 and 22 proteins were uniquely detected in GF mice and SPF mice, respectively, as well as the 14 and 30 proteins were significantly increased and decreased, respectively, in GF mice compared to SPF mice. Furthermore, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) indicated that gut microbiota influence the host in cancer, organismal injury and abnormalities, respiratory disease; cell cycle, cellular movement and tissue development; cardiovascular disease, reproductive system disease; and lipid metabolism, molecular transport and small molecule biochemistry. Our findings provide more detailed information of the role of gut microbiota and will be useful to help study gut bacteria and disease prevention.

“…50 The wrong mix of microbes, it seems, can help set the stage for obesity and diabetes from the moment of birth. 44,51,52 Animal studies recapitulate these findings, where mice house together consumed the same chow ad libitum in equal amounts, yet the animals that received bacteria from an obese mouse grew heavier and had more body fat than mice with microbes from thin rodents. 52 As expected, these fat mice also had a less diverse community of microbes in the gut.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…44,51,52 Animal studies recapitulate these findings, where mice house together consumed the same chow ad libitum in equal amounts, yet the animals that received bacteria from an obese mouse grew heavier and had more body fat than mice with microbes from thin rodents. 52 As expected, these fat mice also had a less diverse community of microbes in the gut. 53 Nevertheless, it would bear repeating that programming 54 or as we suggest reprogramming the host metabolism through the gut is a novel approach to modulating health and disease.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Recent findings within the microbiota–gut–brain–endocrine metabolic interactome

Obrenovich¹,

Mana²,

Rai³

et al. 2017

PLMI

Purpose of review:We have established that many metabolic biomes exist within the complex mammalian gut. Substantial metabolism occurs within these biomes and is called co-metabolism of the host and resident microorganisms. This gut-brain-endocrine metabolic interaction emphasizes how bacteria can affect the brain and the hormonal axes in the process of co-metabolism. This review highlights new findings in this regard. Recent findings: In this review, we explore how the gut microbiota affect the development and regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and neurochemistry from mental health and behavioral health to memory, depression, mood, anxiety, obesity, and the development of the blood-brain barrier. Summary: This review describes the implications of the findings for clinical practice or research. Interaction of small molecules within these biomes is now described collectively as a "metabolic interactome". Metabolites of the gut-brain-endocrine axis and our overall gut health constantly shape the host phenotype in ways previously unimagined, and this niche represents potential targets for treatment and drug design, since the interaction or biochemical interplay results in net metabolite production and/or end products to exercise either positive or negative effects on human health.