Metabonomic analysis of the protective effect of quercetin on the toxicity induced by mixture of organophosphate pesticides in rat urine

Abstract

<jats:p> The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of quercetin against the joint toxic action induced by the mixture of four organophosphate pesticides (mixture-OPs) (dimethoate, acephate, dichlorvos, and phorate) at their corresponding no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) using metabonomics. Rats were randomly divided into control, quercetin-treated, mixture-OPs-treated, and quercetin plus mixture-OPs-treated groups. Mixture-OPs and quercetin were given to the rats daily through drinking water and intragastric administration, respectively, for 90 days. The metabonomic profiles of rat urine were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS). The 14 metabolites significantly changed in the treatment groups compared with the control group, including the biomarkers of OPs exposure (dimethylphosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, diethylphosphate) and the metabolites of quercetin (quercetin and isorhamnetina). The intensities of gentisic acid, creatinine, suberic acid, hippuric acid, uric acid, and citric acid significantly decreased, whereas the intensities of 7-methylguanine, estrone sulfate, and cholic acid significantly increased, in the mixture-OPs-treated group compared with the control group ( p &lt; 0.01). The variation tendency of the aforementioned metabolites was significantly ameliorated in the high-dose quercetin (50 mg/(kg bw day)) plus mixture-OPs-treated group compared with the mixture-OPs-treated group ( p &lt; 0.05). However, the intensities of these metabolites in the high-dose quercetin plus mixture-OPs-treated group were still significantly different from those of the control group ( p &lt; 0.05). Results indicated that high dose of quercetin elicits a partial protective effect on the toxicity induced by mixture-OPs, including fatty acid and energy metabolism, antioxidant defense system, DNA damage, and liver and kidney function. </jats:p>

Protective effect of quercetin on kidney diseases: From chemistry to herbal medicines

“…Specifically, with the development of industrial technology and the progress of science and technology, the damage of chemical raw materials to the kidney has grown immensely prominent. Data from animal models have shown that the protective effect of quercetin is closely related to the clearance of free radicals and reduction of lipid peroxidation in both industrial chemical raw materials and heavy metal and diesel particulate pollution (Li et al, 2016b;Qi et al, 2017;Uthra et al, 2017;Alshanwani et al, 2020;Morsi et al, 2022). Moreover, Quercetin was also found to reduce organophosphorus pesticide mixture-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating fatty acid, energy and sex hormone metabolism, protecting antioxidant defense systems and reducing DNA damage (Qi et al, 2017).…”

“…Data from animal models have shown that the protective effect of quercetin is closely related to the clearance of free radicals and reduction of lipid peroxidation in both industrial chemical raw materials and heavy metal and diesel particulate pollution (Li et al, 2016b;Qi et al, 2017;Uthra et al, 2017;Alshanwani et al, 2020;Morsi et al, 2022). Moreover, Quercetin was also found to reduce organophosphorus pesticide mixture-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating fatty acid, energy and sex hormone metabolism, protecting antioxidant defense systems and reducing DNA damage (Qi et al, 2017). Quercetin may regulate the metabolism of phospholipids, energy, fatty acids and amino acids to protect the kidney against acrylamide-induced nephrotoxicity (Bao et al, 2017; Frontiers in Pharmacology frontiersin.org Bo et al, 2018).…”

Biochemical responses as early and reliable biomarkers of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides intoxication: A systematic literature review

“…[ 44 ] Also, dimethylphosphate, dimethyldithiophosphate, and diethylphosphate can be detected in patients or workers who are exposed to a mixture of OPs chemicals. [ 73 ] And urinary trichloro‐2‐pyridinol (TCPy) is often used as early indicator of exposure to Chlorpyrifos, whereas blood ChE activity decreases after severe clinical manifestation is observed. [ 49 ] Furthermore, peptides and fragmented proteins have significant role in analytical biomedicine.…”

Effects of quercetin on cadmium-induced toxicity in rat urine using metabonomics techniques

“…Studies have shown that quercetin has anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antiaggregatory and immunomodulatory effects. 4 Epidemiological studies have suggested that quercetin may reduce the risk of hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis and other chronic diseases. 5,6 Some studies have also indicated that quercetin can alleviate Cd-induced kidney, testicular and nerve damage via inhibition of oxidative stress.…”