Metacarpophalangeal Pattern Profiles in the Evaluation of Skeletal Malformations

Poznanski, Andrew K.; Garn, Stanley M.; Nagy, Jerrold M.; Gall, John C.

doi:10.1148/104.1.1

Cited by 204 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Subtle changes may be detected by examining the overall relationship that may be overlooked in the routine radiological hand examination. An MCPP was developed by Garn et al (1972) and Poznanski et al (1972a) as an approach to the above problems. MCPP analysis is a graphic method of depicting lengthening and shortening of the tubular hand bones and their relationship to one another (Poznanski et al, 1972a).…”

Section: Hhs Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An MCPP was developed by Garn et al (1972) and Poznanski et al (1972a) as an approach to the above problems. MCPP analysis is a graphic method of depicting lengthening and shortening of the tubular hand bones and their relationship to one another (Poznanski et al, 1972a). The hand bone lengths used for the profile are measured from posteroanterior radiographs and converted to Z scores from established bone length standards for age and sex (Garn et al, 1972;Poznanski, 1974).…”

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Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in clinical genetics: An applied anthropometric method

Butler

Meaney

Kaler

1986

American J Phys Anthropol

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The hand is a complex anatomical structure with the component bones susceptible to a combination of environmental and genetic factors that may affect the bone length and width. The alterations may involve a single bone or specific group of bones. The metacarpophalangeal pattern profile (MCPP) developed by Poznanski, Garn, and others (Poznanski et al. Birth Defects VIII (5): [125][126][127][128][129][130][131] 1972) is a graphic representation of the relative lengthening and shortening of the 19 tubular bones of the hand useful for diagnosis, comparison of dissimilar patients, and gene carrier detection. The profile hand bone measurements are derived from posteroanterior hand radiographs and are standardized for age and sex. Specific profiles have been developed for several syndromes. Therefore, MCPP analysis has developed from a method of describing changes in the hand to a technique useful in assigning a diagnosis to a specific syndrome and evaluation of skeletal development. The current status of MCPP analysis in clinical genetics, particularly with the Prader-Labhart-Willi and Sotos syndromes, is discussed. KeywordsPrader-Labhart-Willi syndrome; Sotos syndrome; Discriminant analysis; Correlation studies Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis (MCPP) is an application of an anthropometric technique that has been utilized increasingly in clinical genetics to evaluate individuals with a variety of congenital malformation syndromes. A number of biological anthropologists were instrumental in the development and application of this method (Garn et al., 1972). More recently a number of investigators have broadened the analysis of hand bone lengths by applying multivariate statistical methods in an effort to provide an additional diagnostic tool for certain disorders (Landry et al., 1979; Butler et al., 1982).The hand is a complex anatomical structure. There are 28 component bones susceptible to a combination of factors (e.g., environmental and genetic) that may alter length and width. The alterations may involve a single bone or specific group of bones in a digit (e.g., HoltOram syndrome) or within a row of bones such as the metacarpals (Proger et al., 1968;Poznanski et al., 1970). There are syndromes in which non-homologous segments of the hand are affected and others characterized by size reduction of a single segment such as the middle phalanx of the fifth digit (Garn et al., 1972). HHS Public AccessInvestigators in the past have attempted to examine specific hand bones in syndromes, for example, Down syndrome and the "metacarpal sign" or gradient of metacarpal shortening in Turner syndrome described by Archibald et al. (1959). Ratios of length and width of major hand bones have also been examined in Marfan syndrome and other connective tissue disorders (Parish, 1967).These methods were helpful in certain conditions, but there was a need to describe the overall relationship of the hand bone lengths. Subtle changes may be detected by examining the overall relationship that may be overlooked in the ro...

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Section: Hhs Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in clinical genetics: An applied anthropometric method

Butler

Meaney

Kaler

1986

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…6,7 In the past, the clinical use of hand radiographs has benefited from the work of anthropologists who have contributed metrical methods to aid diagnosis. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Although the digits, arranged as a series of hinged long bones, appear to lend themselves to little more than simple linear measurement, the metacarpals merit closer attention. By converting the points between which the metacarpal lengths have typically been measured 14 into a series of Cartesian coordinates, a wider range of metrical and statistical options becomes available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cartesian co-ordinate system for representing the second to fifth metacarpals in the human hand

Lewis

2004

Radiography

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PurposeThe use of hand radiographs has both clinical and anthropometric applications. However, a method for converting standard bony points within the metacarpus to Cartesian co-ordinates does not exist. Methods A simple method for converting standard bony points of the second to fifth metacarpals to Cartesian co-ordinates is described for the first time. ResultsUsing a small set of measurements and treating these with equations of known voracity, this method is accurate and allows the metacarpus to be interrogated via a much wider range of geometrical techniques than has so far been available. ConclusionsThis method allows naked-eye assessments to be supported or replaced by metrical evaluations. It is likely to have both clinical and anthropometric uses.

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“…Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile (MCPP) analysis is an evaluation of the hand skeleton based on a comparison of the 19 tubular bone lengths to normal bone-length standards, as described by Poznanski et al [1972] and Garn el al. [1972], This method provides a quantitative assessment of the amount and direction of abnormality of the hand skeleton.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in fragile X syndrome

Fletcher

et al. 1988

Am. J. Med. Genet.

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We analyzed the metacarpophalangeal pattern profile (MCPP) on 18 male individuals from 16 families with fragile X-fra (X), or Martin-Bell-syndrome and calculated a mean syndrome profile. Fourteen of 18 individuals with fra (X) syndrome had significant positive correlations which indicated clinical homogeneity. Discriminant analysis of individuals with fra (X) syndrome compared with a sample of normal individuals produced a correct classification rate of 88% based on a function of 3 MCPP variables that may provide a useful tool in screening individuals for the fra (X) syndrome. Discriminant and correlation analyses of individuals with Sotos sequence and individuals with fra (X) syndrome did not identify MCPP similarities. Therefore, there was no MCPP evidence in our study of patients with Sotos sequence and fra (X) chromosome expression.

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Metacarpophalangeal Pattern Profiles in the Evaluation of Skeletal Malformations

Cited by 204 publications

References 8 publications

Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in clinical genetics: An applied anthropometric method

Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in clinical genetics: An applied anthropometric method

A Cartesian co-ordinate system for representing the second to fifth metacarpals in the human hand

Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis in fragile X syndrome

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