Metacognitive knowledge and experience in recently diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder

Mackala, Sylvia A.; Kozicky, Jan-Marie; Yatham, Lakshmi N.

doi:10.1080/13803395.2016.1161733

Cited by 24 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…From this battery, three tests assessing abilities covered in the subjective ratings were selected for analysis (described below). In order to compare performance on selected objective tests directly with the subjective ratings provided on a 5-point ordinal scale described above, standardized scores from neuropsychological tests were considered in terms of corresponding and commonly used ordinal descriptors (See Table 1) 24, 25 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Awareness of cognitive impairment in individuals with essential tremor

Azar

Bertrand

Louis

et al. 2017

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Objective The extent to which individuals with ET who have clinically significant cognitive impairment are aware of their cognitive changes is unclear. Reduced awareness has important implications for everyday function and decision-making. Methods 150 individuals with ET (109 Normal Cognition (ET-NC group), and 30 with MCI and 11 dementia (ET-CI group)) completed self-ratings and objective assessments of memory, language, and executive functioning. Discrepancy scores were calculated to assess awareness of cognitive functioning. One sample t-tests evaluated whether mean discrepancy scores in each group were comparable to zero (i.e., accurate). Analyses of Covariance(ANCOVA) compared discrepancy scores across two groups controlling for age and education. Results In the ET-NC group, discrepancy scores for language (M=−0.08, SD=1.10) and executive functioning (M=−0.01, SD=0.99) were comparable to zero. Memory discrepancy scores (M=0.32, SD=1.22) were greater than zero. In the ET-CI group, memory, (M=0.78, SD=1.01), language, (M=0.46, SD=0.95), and executive (M=0.39, SD=1.14) discrepancy scores were all greater than zero. Discrepancy scores were larger in ET-CI group than in ET-NC group for memory: F(1,148)=4.02, p=0.047, language: F(1,148)=6.16, p=0.014, and executive: F(1,148)=4.51, p=0.035. Conclusions Individuals with ET and normal cognition accurately assessed their language and executive abilities, demonstrating mild overconfidence in memory function. Individuals with ET and cognitive impairment overestimated their performance in all domains of functioning. Since ET is linked to increased risk for cognitive impairment, and such impairment may not be accurately perceived, cognitive functioning should be proactively and regularly screened in ET.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have used similar methodologies to assess awareness of cognitive functioning (i.e., metacognition) 24, 25, 29, 30 . A discrepancy score of zero reflects accurate self-assessment whereas negative discrepancy scores reflect under-confidence and positive scores reflect over-confidence.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of cognitive impairment in individuals with essential tremor

Azar

Bertrand

Louis

et al. 2017

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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“…Dois estudos 57,58 aplicaram tarefas para avaliação de metacognição. Zhang et al (2015) 57 utilizaram tarefas envolvendo autorreflexão, que consistiam de sentenças envolvendo o próprio paciente, tarefas de heterorreflexão, envolvendo questões sobre parentes ou amigos próximos, e tarefas de controle semântico, que envolviam questões sobre conhecimento geral.…”

Section: Instrumentosunclassified

“…Zhang et al (2015) 57 utilizaram tarefas envolvendo autorreflexão, que consistiam de sentenças envolvendo o próprio paciente, tarefas de heterorreflexão, envolvendo questões sobre parentes ou amigos próximos, e tarefas de controle semântico, que envolviam questões sobre conhecimento geral. Torres et al (2016) 58 avaliaram a metacognição a partir de perguntas de autorreflexão que foram aplicadas em dois momentos: antes da realização de uma bateria de testes neuropsicológicos, que avaliou o conhecimento metacognitivo, e após a execução desses testes, avaliando a experiência metacognitiva. Um estudo 59 aplicou um treinamento metacognitivo que aborda vieses cognitivos, cognição social e autoestima.…”

Section: Instrumentosunclassified

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Metacognição no transtorno bipolar: uma revisão sistemática

Silva

Tancini

Cheniaux

et al. 2020

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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RESUMO Objetivo Realizar uma revisão sistemática investigando a metacognição no transtorno bipolar (TB). Os objetivos secundários incluem explorar os correlatos clínicos e sociodemográficos da metacognição no TB e como a metacognição varia de acordo com o estado afetivo, estabelecer uma comparação com outros transtornos mentais e investigar se as intervenções metacognitivas no TB são eficazes ou não. Métodos Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica sobre a metacognição em pacientes com TB. Foram buscados estudos clínicos originais sobre o tema nas bases de dados Medline, ISI , PsycINFO e SciELO. Os termos de busca empregados foram: “metacognition” OR “metacognitive” OR “metamemory” AND “bipolar” OR “mania” OR “manic” . Resultados Foram selecionados nove artigos. A metacognição parece estar mais prejudicada no TB do que em controles e menos prejudicada do que na esquizofrenia. Por sua vez, parece não haver diferença entre bipolares e deprimidos unipolares quanto à capacidade metacognitiva. Maior nível educacional e maior duração da doença parecem estar associados a uma melhor capacidade metacognitiva, enquanto a maior gravidade dos sintomas de TB está associada a uma pior metacognição. O treinamento metacognitivo em pacientes com TB é uma perspectiva clínica promissora. Conclusão Os estudos sobre metacognição no TB são escassos, mas a literatura existente indica possíveis fatores clínicos e sociodemográficos associados a pior metacognição no transtorno, sugerindo também que intervenções terapêuticas metacognitivas podem ser clinicamente relevantes para o manejo do TB.

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Metacognition in adult ADHD: subjective and objective perspectives on self-awareness of cognitive functioning

et al. 2021

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Although attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adulthood is associated with marked cognitive impairment, research on metacognition in adult ADHD is scarce. Deficits in metacognition may have a negative impact on treatment adherence, functional outcomes, and everyday life. This study explores metacognition, specifically self-awareness of cognitive performance, in adults with ADHD by combining objective and subjective assessments. Forty-seven patients with ADHD and 47 control individuals completed a neuropsychological assessment battery including tests for attention, executive functions and memory (objective assessment), as well as questionnaires for cognitive functioning and symptom severity (subjective assessment; self- and informant-report). Participants evaluated their test performance of the objective assessment after test completion by selecting a percentile rank which was subtracted from their normed test result, yielding a discrepancy score. Compared to controls, adults with ADHD showed impairments in attention (medium effects) and memory (small and medium effects), but not in executive functions. The discrepancy scores between self-evaluation and cognitive performance revealed deficits in self-awareness of attentional functions (small effects), but not in executive functions and memory in patients with ADHD compared to controls. Discrepancy scores between self- and informant-reports of cognitive functioning revealed no significant differences. Adults with ADHD show impairments in metacognition in attentional functions, but may have intact metacognitive abilities in other domains. Patients with ADHD tend to overestimate their abilities, especially in attentional functions. Subjective and objective measures of metacognition may not correspond, highlighting the need for clinicians to not solely rely on patients’ self-report in their assessment.

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Metacognitive knowledge and experience in recently diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder

Abstract: Findings suggest that in patients with bipolar disorder, intact task-specific cognitive self-appraisals may fail to generalize to or to modify inaccurate global cognitive self-appraisals. Further research using more comprehensive metacognitive tasks is warranted in bipolar disorder.

Cited by 24 publications

References 69 publications

Awareness of cognitive impairment in individuals with essential tremor

Awareness of cognitive impairment in individuals with essential tremor

Metacognição no transtorno bipolar: uma revisão sistemática

Metacognition in adult ADHD: subjective and objective perspectives on self-awareness of cognitive functioning

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