Metagenomic analysis of bacterial and fungal community composition associated with Paulownia elongata × Paulownia fortunei

Abstract

The dynamics and interactions of microbial communities in Paulownia’s life cycle are poorly understood. The main goal of this study was to compare the rhizospheric soil and endophytic microbiome and mycobiome of hybrid Paulownia elongata and Paulownia fortunei. The comparison was based on highly efficient Illumina MiSeq sequencing of bacteria and fungi from the rhizosphere and endosphere of bioenergetic trees P. elongata x P. fortunei. The general richness of bacteria and rhizospheric fungi (based on Chao 1, Shannon, and Simpson indicators) was higher than in endosphere samples from the same plants. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were dominant in the rhizosphere and endosphere of plants in healthy conditions. The rhizosphere fungal communities in both trials were dominated by Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota. Most root endophytes came from Olpidiomycota, Oomycota, and Ascomycota, while most leaf endophytes were from Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. This study was the first report on the composition of bacteria and fungi associated with the endosphere and rhizosphere of Paulownia trees. These studies showed that bacterial and fungal communities from the rhizosphere and endosphere were separate communities. It also showed that the health conditions of trees did not affect the composition of endophytic microorganisms in Paulownia tissues.

Changes of Endophytic Bacterial Community in Mature Leaves of Prunus laurocerasus L. during the Seasonal Transition from Winter Dormancy to Vegetative Growth

“…Moreover, we obtained saturated rarefaction curves in the vast majority of the leaf samples ( Figure S1 ), which indicates that the impact of the lower sampling depth on bacterial diversity estimates is minimal. Our observation is consistent with common observations of lower numbers of ASVs in surface-sterilized leaves compared to other parts of the plant (e.g., roots) or in the rhizosphere [ 28 ].…”

“…Modern, culture-independent methods possess the potential to analyse whole microbial communities by DNA profiling or 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. NGS technology has been used to characterize the core subsets of endophytic bacterial communities of several agronomically and medicinally important woody plant species [ 3 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. In these studies, great diversity of bacterial endophytic communities, and different factors shaping the community composition of endophytic microbiomes, have been identified, such as plant genotype, developmental stage, physiological status, tissue, habitat, season, environmental conditions, and the disease status of the plant host.…”

Soil Metabarcoding Offers a New Tool for the Investigation and Hunting of Truffles in Northern Thailand

“…Additionally, two unrecognized truffle specimens were revealed by an investigation of the soil mycobiota diversity of B. alnoides and C. poilanei . Accordingly, several previous studies have used metagenomic analysis to monitor and detect some expected fungal genus and species in the environment [ 31 , 38 , 39 , 80 , 81 ]. Examples of these include the studies of Bai et al [ 82 ] and Sommermann et al [ 83 ], who used fungal metabarcoding data in agricultural soil to monitor and detect soil fungal pathogens.…”

Coupling the endophytic microbiome with the host transcriptome in olive roots

“…Regarding the root microbiome side, it is worth mentioning that a synchrony between endophytic bacteria and fungi was observed. Indeed, the opposite trend is frequently reported in the literature; that is, bacterial and fungal communities associated to the plant roots behave independently, at least in terms of α-diversity, both in the rhizosphere [86] and the endosphere [87] , [88] . In fact, this lack of synchrony was previously observed in the microbial communities of the olive root endosphere when comparing two cultivars that were challenged with V. dahliae [35] .…”