Metagenomic analysis reveals mixed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a 18th century Hungarian midwife

Jäger, Heidi Y.; Maixner, Frank; Pap, Ildikó; Szikossy, Ildikó; Paragh, György; Zink, Albert

doi:10.1016/j.tube.2022.102181

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Symptoms and disease severity depend on the host's immune response, inoculum load, and the causal bacterial strain, with TB often being fatal without proper treatment 28,29 . As with syphilis, investigations into the evolution, antiquity, and past disease burden of TB have been anchored in skeletal evidence, as active TB infection can generate distinctive skeletal lesions [30][31][32][33][34][35] . Analysis of ancient MTBC DNA from human skeletal individuals from the pre-contact era Americas have helped elucidate the zoonotic transmission of MTBC strains between humans and non-human animals, such as pinnipeds, in antiquity 4,36 .…”

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Metagenomic and paleopathological analyses of a historic documented collection explore ancient dental calculus as a diagnostic tool

Austin,

Honap,

Mann

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Dental calculus is a microbial biofilm that contains biomolecules from oral commensals and pathogens, including those potentially related to cause of death (CoD). To assess the utility of calculus as a diagnostically informative substrate, in conjunction with paleopathological analysis, calculus samples from 39 individuals in the Smithsonian Institution’s Robert J. Terry Collection with CoDs of either syphilis or tuberculosis were assessed via shotgun metagenomic sequencing for the presence of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) DNA. Paleopathological analysis revealed that frequencies of skeletal lesions associated with these diseases were partially inconsistent with diagnostic criteria. Although recovery of T. p. pallidum DNA from individuals with a syphilis CoD was elusive, MTBC DNA was identified in at least one individual with a tuberculosis CoD. The authenticity of MTBC DNA was confirmed using targeted quantitative PCR assays, MTBC genome enrichment, and in silico bioinformatic analyses; however, the lineage of the MTBC strain present could not be determined. Overall, our study highlights the utility of dental calculus for molecular detection of tuberculosis in the archaeological record and underscores the effect of museum preparation techniques and extensive handling on pathogen DNA preservation in skeletal collections.

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confidence: 99%

Metagenomic and paleopathological analyses of a historic documented collection explore ancient dental calculus as a diagnostic tool

Austin,

Honap,

Mann

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…In addition to recent, contemporary samples, this new approach also allows the detection of traces of organisms that once lived and were trapped in a sample as a time capsule based on the DNA content of archaeological remains. [1][2][3][4] Metagenomic tools have been used to identify the genome of the oldest known Mycobacterium leprae from the bones of an Egyptian human mummy. 5 Khairat et al 6 also detected microbial and plant genome fragments in samples from human mummies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Metagenomic peek into a corn mummy

Solymosi,

Pap,

Nagy

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Numerous studies have shown that metagenomics has opened up a new dimension in reading the contents of archaeological remains as time capsules. Corn mummies are ritual objects made in ancient Egypt by forming human-shaped figures made of cereal grains grown in a mixture of water and earth. We performed metagenomic analyses on samples from a corn mummy dated to the second half of the 3rd century BC. Alongside a number of clearly modern contaminants, we identified organisms that cannot be excluded as being of historical origin. Besides considerable amounts of bacterial sequences belonging to the generaBacillus, Coprococcus, Metabacillus, NialliaandRoseburia, we also found traces of plants, animals, and humans. Sequences assigned to the genusTriticumshowed the highest similarity to ancientT. turgidumssp.dicoccumspecimens from Egypt and the southern Levant. Sequences classified in the genusPopulusshowed the highest identity with the genome ofP. nigra. The fragments that were identified as being of Lepidopteran origin showed the greatest similarity to the genomes of the Sphingidae. Haplotype analysis ofH. sapienssequences suggests haplogroups L3 and E, based on the mitogenome and Y chromosome, respectively, which are the two common lineages in sub-Saharan Africa today.

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Antitubercolusic Potential of Amino-(formylphenyl) Diazenyl-Hydroxyl and Nitro-Substituted Naphthalene-Sulfonic Acid Derivatives: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations

et al. 2022

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Metagenomic analysis reveals mixed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a 18th century Hungarian midwife

Cited by 5 publications

References 56 publications

Metagenomic and paleopathological analyses of a historic documented collection explore ancient dental calculus as a diagnostic tool

Metagenomic and paleopathological analyses of a historic documented collection explore ancient dental calculus as a diagnostic tool

Metagenomic peek into a corn mummy

Antitubercolusic Potential of Amino-(formylphenyl) Diazenyl-Hydroxyl and Nitro-Substituted Naphthalene-Sulfonic Acid Derivatives: Experimental and Theoretical Investigations

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