Metagenomics Analysis Reveals the Microbial Communities, Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Diversity and Potential Pathogen Transmission Risk of Two Different Landfills in China

Abstract

In this study, we used a metagenomic approach to analyze microbial communities, antibiotic resistance gene diversity, and human pathogenic bacterium composition in two typical landfills in China. Results showed that the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were predominant in the two landfills, and archaea and fungi were also detected. The genera Methanoculleus, Lysobacter, and Pseudomonas were predominantly present in all samples. sul2, sul1, tetX, and adeF were the four most abundant antibiotic resistance genes. Sixty-nine bacterial pathogens were identified from the two landfills, with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bordetella pertussis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus as the major pathogenic microorganisms, indicating the existence of potential environmental risk in landfills. In addition, KEGG pathway analysis indicated the presence of antibiotic resistance genes typically associated with human antibiotic resistance bacterial strains. These results provide insights into the risk of pathogens in landfills, which is important for controlling the potential secondary transmission of pathogens and reducing workers’ health risk during landfill excavation.

Effect of Thermophilic Microbial Agents on Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Microbial Communities during Co-Composting of Pig Manure and Tea Stalks

“…For example, Haan utilized the CARD to evaluate ARGs related to the thawing of frozen soil in inland Alaska [24]. The CARD was also applied to the analysis of the transmission risk of ARGs in landfills and ARG pollution after sewage irrigation [25,26]. Zhong et al, by using the CARD, found that the levels of ARGs were significantly reduced in strain-enhanced biogas residue composting [27].…”

Microbial methane cycling in a landfill on a decadal time scale

“…Abbreviated references have been provided and the raw input data used to generate this figure can be found in File S4 . Data obtained from (in chronological order): (7, 11, 14, 15, 17–19, 21, 22, 32, 34, 49, 88–93).…”

“…Metagenomics has allowed valuable insights into the physiological pathways contributing to waste degradation including cellulose metabolism (28, 29) and plastic biodegradation (30). Metagenomics has also been used to address human health concerns tied to landfills such as the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in pathogens found in MSW (31, 32). Genome-resolved metagenomics (33) has the potential to connect methanogenic lineages to the substrates that can support methane production within a given landfill environment (34).…”

Three Soil Bacterial Communities from an Archaeological Excavation Site of an Ancient Coal Mine near Bennstedt (Germany) Characterized by 16S r-RNA Sequencing

“…Archaeology is increasingly becoming a focus of genetic investigations [22][23][24]. Thus, special soil bacterial communities have been reported in archaeological excavation sites-prehistoric buildings, settlement places, and tombs [25][26][27][28][29][30]-and medieval or early modern pre-industrial mining and smelting sites [31][32][33][34]. Despite the investigations of soil bacterial communities on modern and historical metal mines and smelting sites, less attention has been paid to historic coal mines.…”