Metal 3D‐printed catalytic jet and flame ionization detection for in situ trace carbon oxides analysis by gas chromatography

Abstract

A gas chromatographic approach for the determination and quantification of trace levels of carbon oxides in gas phase matrices for in situ or near‐line/at‐line analysis has been successfully developed. Catalytic conversion of the target compounds to methane via the methanation process was conducted inside a metal 3D‐printed jet that also acted as a hydrogen burner for the flame ionization detector. Modifications made to a field transportable gas chromatograph enabled the leveraging of advantaged microfluidic‐enhanced chromatography capability for improved chromatographic performance and serviceability. The compatibility with adsorption chromatography technology was demonstrated with in‐house constructed columns. Sustained reliable conversion efficiencies of greater than 99% with respectable peak symmetries were attained at 400°C. Quantification of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a parts‐per‐million level over a range from 0.2 ppm to 5% v/v for both compounds with a respectable precision of less than 3% relative standard deviation for peak area (n = 10) and a detection limit of 0.1 ppm v/v was achieved. Linearity with correlation coefficients of R2 greater than 0.9995 and measured recoveries of >99% for spike tests were achieved. The 3D‐printed steel jet was found to be reliable and resilient against potential contamination from the matrices owing to the in situ backflushing capability.

Golgi-Targeting Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring CO-Releasing Molecule-3 In Vitro and In Vivo

“…Therefore, in the past decades, the development of appropriate CO-releasing molecules (CORMs) to replace CO gas for direct treatment of diseases has received extensive attention . So far, many methods for detecting CO using CORM-3 as a CO donor have been developed, including chromogenic detection, electrochemical analysis, gas chromatography, and fluorescent assays. − Among these, because of its high sensitivity, imperial spatial resolution, noninvasive detection, technical simplicity, etc., fluorescent imaging has special advantage in monitoring the spatial and temporal distribution of analytes. − Recently, numerous innovative fluorescent probes have been reported for the visualization of CO using CORM-3 as a CO donor. − …”

A new metal-free benzorhodol-based photoluminophore selective for carbon monoxide detection applicable in both in vitro and in vivo bioimaging

“…For this purpose, the uorimetric technique is an excellent choice to obtain brilliant results using small molecules as a uorescent probe over various other techniques such as chromogenic detection, electrochemical analysis, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and Raman spectroscopy. 1,[9][10][11] Up to now, several uorophores for CO detection have been proposed and even applied for in situ tracing in mice and living cells, but yet remain in their infancy. 1,[12][13][14] Most of them work well in an aqueous medium with a high content of organic solvents.…”

“…For this purpose, the fluorimetric technique is an excellent choice to obtain brilliant results using small molecules as a fluorescent probe over various other techniques such as chromogenic detection, electrochemical analysis, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography and Raman spectroscopy. 1,9–11…”