Metal Cation/Anion Speciation via Paired-Ion, Reversed Phase HPLC with Refractive Index and/or Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopic Detection Methods

Abstract

Conventional high performance 1 i qu i d chromatography instrumentation and packing materials can be inexpensively and rapidly utilized for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of various metal cations or anions. The final approaches utilize reversed phase HPLC in the form of paired-ion separations. The detection of individually eluted, fully resolved metal cations or anions is possible conventional refractive index or inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopic detection. In many cases, unresolved mixtures of metal cations, eluted as a single peak on HPLC, can be resolved and identified via the use of ICP detection. Both metal cations and anions can be easily resolved, according to oxidation states, using paired-ion techniques, in combination with ICP detection. Final data representation can be in the form of conventional, continuous RI and/or ICP chromatograms, pulsed data ICP presentations, and/or tabular ICP data presentation.INTRODUCTION (1) Inorganic metal toxicity has long been an area of intense biological,

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection for multielement flow injection analysis and elemental speciation by reversed-phase liquid chromatography

“…Additional experiments were performed using varying concentrations of methEmol in the mobile phase and various LC flow rates; It was found that increasing the flow rate from 1.5 to 2.1 mL min"1 and increasing the methEmol concentration from 5 to 10% reduced the retention times in Table V substantially: doubly charged ions now eluted at about 8 min. This is similar to behavior reported by others (9).…”

“…However, most measurement techniques for trace elemental analysis are suitable for determining only the total amount of individual elements and do not provide information 1 Present address: Department of Chemistry, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306. about the chemical states present. Initial investigation of techniques for "elemental speciation" began in the early 1970s (3,4), and research activity in this area has escalated steadily since then (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18).…”

“…The multielement detectors that have been tried in combination with LC are atomic fluorescence spectrometry (25,26) and atomic emission spectrometry (AES) with the microwave induced plasma (27), direct current plasma (11,12,14,28), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) (8)(9)(10)13,24,29). As yet, none of these techniques for LC detection have seen much use outside analytical research laboratories largely because few of them have exhibited adequate powers of detection.…”

Chemical Speciation

“…Mobile-phase ion chromatography can be used to determine total gold as well as Au(CN) 2 and Au(CN) 4 - [34][35][36]. Bushee, Krull and coworkers described an ionpairing reverse-phase method for the separation of Cu(I) and Cu(II) [38]. Lead speciation of Et 3 Pb + and Me 3 Pb + along with some other organometallic species was reported by MacCrehan et al [32].…”

On‐line analyte preconcentration with atomic spectrometric detection

“…Several other papers concerned with FI-ICP or FI-ICP-MS also exist [88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95], however many were performed offline [93][94].…”