Metal chelation of polyphenols

Hider, Robert C.; Liu, Zu D.; Khodr, Hicham

doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(01)35243-6

Cited by 363 publications

(254 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Information on the exact contribution of the oligomeric/polymeric procyanidins is not available but it may be assumed that their contributions are in the same range or even higher since procyanidins are the predominating phenolics especially in the berries [45]. Beside their radical scavenging activity, procyanidins as well as anthocyanidins containing o-dihydroxyphenyl groups are excellent metal chelators and form complexes with, e. g., iron(III) and copper(II) [75]. The presence of free state iron and copper in biological systems catalyses free radical reactions such as the Fenton reaction.…”

Section: Antioxidant Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chokeberry(Aronia melanocarpa)– A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects

Kulling¹,

Rawel²

2008

Planta Med

461

458

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Botanical Background and Cultivation ! Aronia berries originate from the eastern parts of North America and East Canada [1], [2], [3]. Their migration to Europe occurred around 1900 via Germany to Russia and back. Around 1946 the plant was established as a cultivar in the former Soviet Union. More recently it is cultivated also in East European countries and Germany (Oberlausitz) [1], [2]. The genus name Aronia has been replacing the common name, chokeberry. Two species can be distinguished: Aronia melanocarpa [Michx.] Elliot (black chokeberry, Aronia noir) and Aronia arbutifolia [L.] Elliot (red chokeberry, Aronia rouge) [3]. A third entity is intermediate and has variously been considered a species (A. prunifolia), a variety of each of the other two, or a hybrid [3]. The other common names for Aronia besides chokeberries include black apple berry and rowanberries (Sorbus aucuparia L.), whereby in the latter case the hybrids of rowanberry with Aronia are likely to be addressed [4], [5], [6]. Aronia is a member of the Rosaceae family, and the cultivars used for fruit production are from the species Aronia melanocarpa [6], [7], [8], [9]. Cultivars have been bred for larger edible fruits and ornamental value. The plants have no known pest problems [10]. Some cultivars are bred of true black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) and some are hybrid cultivars (e. g., Aronia x Sorbus) [5], [11]. The more important cultivars include "Nero" (Czechia), "Rubina" (crossing from Russian and Finnish plants), "Viking" (Finland), "Kurkumäcki" (Finland), "Hugin" (Sweden), "Fertödi" (Hungary) and "Aron" (Denmark) [2]. "Viking" and "Nero" are cultivars that are commonly available in North American plant catalogues [7]. The Aronia shrubs can grow to a height of 2-3 m, which produce in May to June umbels of some 30 small white flowers, ripening to bright red (red chokeberry) or to purplish black berries (black chokeberry; Ø 6-13 mm, 0.5-2 g) [1], [2], [8], [12]. Harvest is performed mechanically between August and September. Five to twelve tons per hectare can be expected in about five years, once plants have matured [7], [8]. The effect of fertiliser rate on fruit quality parameters in the black chokeberry showed that an increased fertiliser application results in increased growth and higher yield whereas pigment content and total acidity decreased. Maximum production of anthocyanins per plant was obtained with a medium high fertiliser rate (50 kg N/ha, 44 kg P/ha, 100 kg K/ ha) [13]. The content of undesirable brown compounds and that of desirable anthocyanins is also dependent on maturation as documented in [11]. A recent study illustrates that applied fertilization may exert a differential influence on the chemical composition of Aronia fruits especially with regard to sugar content and the quantity

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Section: Antioxidant Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chokeberry(Aronia melanocarpa)– A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects

Kulling¹,

Rawel²

2008

Planta Med

461

458

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“…The importance of the iron coordination sphere constitution on Fenton reactivity can be applied for others iron ligands. In this way, some authors have been postulated that the coordination number of some organic ligands are mainly pH depending than concentration depending (57,58) .…”

Section: Ligands Effects On Fenton Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenton Reaction Driven by Iron Ligands

Salgado

Melín

Contreras

et al. 2013

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

107

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One of the most important sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in biological systems is the Fenton reaction. In this, the Fe 2+ or Fe 3+ reacts with H 2 O 2 to produce ROS as the hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide radical (O 2 •-) and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ). The main ROS, responsible for the high oxidizing power of the Fenton reaction, is not clear. Some authors claim that the principal reactive species is •OH, while others propose a ferryl specie (Fe 4+ or [FeO] 2+ ) (1,2) . Recently, have been proposed that the kind of reaction species produced depends mainly of pH and the iron composition of the coordination sphere. This is highlighted for Fe 3+ , because in mono and (some) bis-complexes Fe 3+ is reduced to Fe 2+ and there are some positions occupied by water or hydroxide ligands, readily to be exchanged by H 2 O 2 . On the other hand, in tris-complexes there are not any positions occupied by water or hydroxide, avoiding the formation of peroxo-complexes, necessary for Fenton or Fenton like reaction.The 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes (DHBs) have been described as modulators of Fenton reaction. The DHBs driven Fenton reaction have been used for environmental applications as an advanced oxidation process. Furthermore, these systems participate in different biological process, as the wood biodegradation by fungi and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases.In this review, the effect of 1,2-dihydroxybenzenes on the activated species production by the Fenton and Fenton like reaction will be discussed and its participation in different systems.

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“…These comprise procyanidins, anthocyanins and phenolic acids, and the amounts reflect antioxidative potency in laboratory testing (Zheng and Wang, 2003). Procyanidins and some anthocyanins may also form complexes with free iron and copper, which catalyse free-radical reactions and contribute to the reduction in pro-oxidative activity seen with Aronia products (Hider et al, 2001). Popular health claims for Aronia products are that they: (i) combat heart disease and other cardiovascular problems, (ii) mitigate hypertension, (iii) maintain a healthy urinary tract, (iv) fight against bacteria and viruses, (v) strengthen memory, (vi) aid digestion and (vii) help to decrease the amount of cholesterol carried as Low Density Lipoproteins (LDP) www.associatedcontent.com/article/870111/10_benefits_of_aronia_berry.html?cat=51).…”

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confidence: 99%

The clinical effectiveness of chokeberry: a systematic review

Chrubasik

2010

Phytotherapy Research

132

101

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Products derived from the black chokeberry, Aronia melanocarpa, are claimed to be beneficial in disorders or diseases associated with oxidative stress. The claims are based on evidence from in vitro studies and animal experiments. The active principle – a mixture of procyanidins, anthocyanins and phenolic acids – constitutes one of the most potent natural antioxidants. A systematic review was carried out of the quality of the clinical trials on chokeberry products that had been published up to December 2009, and conventionally established criteria were used to assess the strength of the evidence for their clinical effectiveness. Thirteen studies were identified. The quality of most of the trials and, correspondingly, the evidence of effectiveness for Aronia products is poor. Though laboratory and clinical data indicate that chokeberry products may well be useful as ‘functional food’ for disorders or diseases related to oxidative stress, these promising indications need to be confirmed in more rigorous studies before putative therapeutic uses can be confidently recommended for chokeberry products. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Metal chelation of polyphenols

Cited by 363 publications

References 27 publications

Chokeberry(Aronia melanocarpa)– A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects

Chokeberry(Aronia melanocarpa)– A Review on the Characteristic Components and Potential Health Effects

Fenton Reaction Driven by Iron Ligands

The clinical effectiveness of chokeberry: a systematic review

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