“…The DNA fragments generated can be simply reattached, indicating a considerable advantage of lanthanides over oxidative DNA cleaving agents (Baker et al, 1999;Canaple, Hüsken, Hall, & Häner, 2002;Espinosa et al, 2004;Loennberg, Suzuki, & Komiyama, 2008;Magda, Wright, Crofts, Lin, & Sessler, 1997). Especially, attention has been directed toward two rare earth cations, Tb 3+ and Eu 3+ , because of the suitable spectroscopic properties (long-lived and linelike emission) and their resonance energy levels overlap with the triplet energy states of nucleic acid ligands irradiated with ultraviolet light (Ci, Li, & Liu, 1995).…”