Metal Containing Membranes for the Production of Ultrapure Hydrogen and the Recovery of Hydrogen Isotopes

Isothermal solid‐state transformation kinetics applied to Pd/Cu alloy membrane fabrication

“…It is well known that the enhanced H 2 S resistance only occurs when the membrane is in the fcc region of the Pd/Cu phase diagram (see Figure 1 6 ), 2,3,5,7 the disadvantage being that the fcc Pd/Cu membranes have a lower permeance than Pd and other Pd alloy membranes. [8][9][10] As H 2 S poisoning occurs near the surface, an fcc alloy on the top layer of the Pd membrane protects the surface of the membrane without greatly reducing the permeance. 11 As there is no Pd-Cu codeposition bath known in the literature, preparation of the Pd/Cu alloy membrane from the electroless deposition method requires the plating of sequential layers of Pd and Cu resulting in a bilayer followed by the annealing of that bilayer.…”

Pd-Alloy membranes for hydrogen separation

“…Minor components with radii smaller than Pd's, such as Cu, Ru, and Ni, reduce Pd's permeability (lower left shaded area). Larger minor components, including Au, Ag, Ce, and Y, generally increase permeability [8,47,48]. Mo, Nb, and Ta, all larger than Pd, suppress permeability, likely because of their low solubility in Pd [46].…”

Hydrogen Production Using Pd-based Membrane Reactors for Fuel Cells

“…Adding another metal to Pd generally improves the H 2 permeability: in Ref. [22] various Pd-Alloys at 500°C are compared. For a wide range of temperatures, some metals (Ti, Zr, Nb, V, and Ta) show much higher H 2 solubility relative to Pd.…”