Metal Element Detection and Carcinogenicity Risk Assessment of PM_2.5 Samples

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to conduct metal element analysis and carcinogenicity risk assessment of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) from Shenzhen and Taiyuan. Samples of PM2.5 were collected in Shenzhen and Taiyuan during the yeas 2017 and 2018. Ten heavy metal elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Health risk was assessed using the recommended US Environmental Protection Agency model. Metal elements found in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Pb, Mn, Cr, Cu, V, As, Ni, Cd, and Co. Metal elements found in Taiyuan included (in decreasing order of concentration) Al, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, As, Ni, V, Cd, and Co. There were significant differences in Pb, Mn, Al, As, and Ni levels between Shenzhen and Taiyuan (p < 0.05); but the remaining element levels did not show significant differences between the 2 cities. Risk‐assessment data showed higher total risk from 5 carcinogenic metal elements in Taiyuan (3.79 × 10−4) compared to Shenzhen (2.44 × 10−4): Cr had the highest carcinogenicity risk (>10−4), followed by As, Ni, and Cd (10−6 ~ 10−4), and Pb had the lowest risk (<10−6). The results indicated that some of the metal elements in PM2.5 samples from Shenzhen and Taiyuan pose a carcinogenicity risk; further research and measures for prevention and control should be considered. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:1273–1276. © 2020 SETAC

Characteristics, Emission Sources, and Risk Factors of Heavy Metals in PM2.5 from Southern Malaysia

“…Cu, Zn, V, and Ni were the most abundant metals for nearly all cities. Coal processing is one of the potential sources of the metals in PM 2.5 as reported by Qin, et al 55 V and Ni are mainly released from the petrochemical oil refinery in Malaysia. 25,26 Cu is potentially emitted from the brake wears as the brake pad consists of Cu, as reported by Pant.…”

Astragaloside IV Protects from PM2.5-Induced Lung Injury by Regulating Autophagy via Inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in vivo and in vitro

“… 1 , 2 Several epidemiological studies have shown that long-term exposure to high levels of PM2.5 increases the risk of many respiratory diseases, such as influenza, 3 , 4 asthma, 5 bronchitis, 6 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 7 , 8 pulmonary fibrosis, 9 and lung cancer. 10 , 11 As a result, PM2.5-induced lung injury poses an enormous social and economic burden. 12 , 13 Currently, respiratory diseases caused by PM2.5 have attracted widespread attention from scholars.…”

Characteristics of Trace Metal Elements in Ambient Sub-Micron Particulate Matter in a Coastal Megacity of Northern China Influenced by Shipping Emissions from 2018 to 2022

“…Previous studies have reported the relationship between the dynamic changes in the V/Ni ratio and the impact of ship sources on air quality in inland and coastal sites [30]. Before the implementation of DECA 2.0, the V/Ni ratio in particulate matter in coastal cities such as Shanghai (more than 1.0) and Qingdao (more than 0.7) were higher than those of Zhengzhou (0.34), Xinxiang (0.22) and Taiyuan (0.43), Chengdu (0.41), and other inland cities [31,[34][35][36]. However, current research needs more reports on the proportion of metal trace elements in the follow-up policy of DECA 2.0.…”