Metal-immobilizing Serratia liquefaciens CL-1 and Bacillus thuringiensis X30 increase biomass and reduce heavy metal accumulation of radish under field conditions

A wastewater bacterium Bacillus sp. KUJM2 acts as an agent for remediation of potentially toxic elements and promoter of plant (Lens culinaris) growth

“…bacterial strain Bacillus sp. KUJM2 on immobilizing PTEs in soil and restricting their translocation and partitioning along the soil-shoot-seed continuum (Li et al, 2017;Etesami, 2018;Han et al, 2018). The present study also showed that introduction of allochthonous bacteria helped to increase in soil conductivity significantly in all treatments contaminated with either single or multiple PTEs, as well as increase soil pH significantly in multiple-PTE system (Suppl .…”

“…Several studies have shown that certain bacteria can decrease translocation of PTEs from soil to plant and thereby reduce their phytoaccumulation (Ahmadet al, 2014;Etesami, 2018;Han et al, 2018). For example, Cdresistant Bacillus megaterium H3 reduced Cd accumulation in rice by immobilizing Cd in the rhizosphere soils (Li et al, 2017) whereas Bacillus thuringiensis X30 increased immobilization of both Cd and Pb and reduced metal bioavailability, uptake and translocation in radish, thereby alleviating metal toxicity (Han et al, 2018). Bacteria mediated immobilization further earns strength from the fact that several Bacillus spp.…”

“…The concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) have been increasing globally in different domains of the environment for the last several decades. Emanating from a myriad of lithogenic and anthropogenic sources predominantly due to rapid industrialization, improper waste disposal, intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and mining activities, PTEs have built up in the environment to an alarming level (Bolan et al, 2014;Han et al, 2018). Most of these PTEs are persistent in nature, and some even can cross the trophic boundary.…”

“…Many bacteria have plant growth promotion capacity attributed to their ability to synthesis of plant growth hormones. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays the key role in inducing plant growth in association with gibberellic acid (GA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase (Ma et al 2015;Ndeddy Aka and Babalola, 2016;Han et al, 2018). IAA is metabolized mainly from L-tryptophan through indole-3-pyruvic acid by plants and microbes (Duca et al, 2014).…”

“…IAA also provides protection against external stress by enhancing coordination of different cellular defence systems (Bianco and Defez, 2009). Even in PTE-contaminated environments, some Bacillus species have been reported to stimulate plant growth, increase PTE immobilization and decrease PTE uptake and translocation (Rajkumar et al 2013;Ndeddy Aka and Babalola, 2016;Han et al, 2018).…”