Metal-Mediated Polydopamine Nanoparticles–DNA Nanomachine Coupling Electrochemical Conversion of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Ultrasensitive MicroRNA Sensing

Abstract

The development of a robust sensing platform with an efficient probe assembly, and ingenious signal conversion is of great significance for bioanalytical application. In this work, a multipedal polydopamine nanoparticles−DNA (PDANs-DNA) nanomachine coupling electrochemical-driven metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) conversion-enabled biosensing platform was constructed. The PDANs-DNA nanomachine was designed based on Ca 2+ -mediated DNA adsorption and target-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly on PDANs, which not only maintained the DNA immobilization simplicity but also possessed a high walking efficiency. PDANs-DNA nanomachine could walk fast on the electrode via multiple legs under exonuclease III driving, resulting in the formation of DNA dendrimers through two hairpins assembly. The MOFs (Fe-MIL-88-NH 2 ) probe was decorated on the DNA dendrimers to act as a porous metal precursor and converted into electroactive Prussian Blue by a controlled electrochemical approach, which was a facile, simple, and roomtemperature approach compared with the commonly employed MOFs conversion methods. Using microRNA-21 (miRNA-21) as the model target, the proposed biosensor achieved miRNA-21 detection ranging from 10 aM to 10 pM with the detection limit of 5.8 aM. The proposed strategy presented a highly efficient walking platform with the ingenious electrochemical conversion of MOFs, providing more options for the design of an electrochemical platform and holding potential applications in clinical analysis and disease diagnosis.

An Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Biosensor Integrated by Nicking Endonuclease-Assisted Primer Exchange Reaction Cascade Amplification and DNA Nanosphere-Mediated Electrochemical Signal-Enhanced System for MicroRNA Detection

“…From Figure , the peak current intensity obviously increased with increasing MCF-7 cell and HeLa cell numbers from 10 2 to 10 4 and exhibited apparent differences compared to the blank one. Remarkably, the electrochemical signal intensity of cell lysates from MCF-7 cells was higher than that from HeLa cells, which is consistent with a previous report . All of these results demonstrate that the proposed biosensor possesses high practicality in real sample detection, which provides a potential analytical tool for the clinical diagnosis of miRNA-related disease.…”

“…Remarkably, the electrochemical signal intensity of cell lysates from MCF-7 cells was higher than that from HeLa cells, which is consistent with a previous report. 44 All of these results demonstrate that the proposed biosensor possesses high practicality in real sample detection, which provides a potential analytical tool for the clinical diagnosis of miRNA-related disease.…”

Zinc-Air Battery-Based Self-Powered Sensor with High Output Power for Ultrasensitive MicroRNA let-7a Detection in Cancer Cells

“…The elements of C, N, and Fe were distributed uniformly (Figure D). The XRD pattern was further obtained to show the crystal structure and prove the successful synthesis of NH 2 -MIL-88­(Fe) (Figure C) …”

The Chemistry and Applications of Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Industrial Enzyme Immobilization Systems

“…Biomolecule–MOF composites have been designed with an innovative focus on the detection of compounds of interest depending on the application sector. Some key compounds include uric acid [ 192 , 193 ], glucose [ 194 ], microRNAs [ 195 ], H 2 O 2 [ 196 ], carcinoembryonic antigens [ 197 ], acetaminophen, and dopamine [ 193 ]. The main biomacromolecules are enzymes, as they provide more ecological, economical, and sustainable processes [ 29 ].…”